December
20, 2018
15:50
Moscow
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference
http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/59455
The President’s
news conference was broadcast live by Rossiya 1, Rossiya 24, Channel One
and NTV, as well as Mayak, Vesti FM and Radio Rossii radio
stations.
Television
channel Public Television of Russia (OTR) and its site (http://www.otr-online.ru/online/) provided live sign
language interpretation of the news conference.
The host
broadcaster of the event is the National State Television
and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK).
* * *
President
of Russia Vladimir Putin: Good afternoon, colleagues, friends.
Let us
begin our traditional end-of-year meeting that we call a news conference.
As always,
I will spend just a few brief seconds to sum up the results
of the outgoing year. A lot has been said already, but
I have the latest data reflecting the most recent results, some
just a couple of days old.
Before
the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s annual news conference.
In the first
nine months of 2018, GDP increased by 1.7 percent, while the Economic
Development Ministry expects the annual increase to total 1.8
percent. Industrial output was growing at a faster pace, totalling
2.9 percent in the first ten months of 2018, with
the annual results expected at 3 percent, up from a 2.1 percent
growth in 2017. In addition, processing industries have been growing
at a somewhat faster pace of 3.2 percent.
In the first
three quarters fixed capital investment increased by 4.1 percent. Cargo
shipments and retail trade are on the rise, having increased by 2.6
percent. Consumer demand growth has been apparent. This is a positive
factor. After a lengthy interval, the population’s real income has
shown some, albeit very moderate, growth. According to the latest
statistics, real incomes will increase by 0.5 percent. I hope that
this momentum will be maintained, since real pay levels are
on the rise, having grown by 7.4 percent in the first
nine months, which is expected to give us 6.9 or 7 percent
by the end of the year.
Inflation
remains at an acceptable level, although it has increased
a little in the past week, by 0.5 percent, I think.
Therefore, we will be able to reach the Central Bank’s reference rate
of 4 percent and will have an inflation rate of 4.1 percent
to 4.2 percent – somewhere just over 4 percent.
The unemployment
rate is going down, which is good news. If last year it hit a historical
low of 5.2 percent, this year it will be even lower – 4.8 percent.
The trade
balance surplus is growing. In 2017, if you remember, it was around $115
billion. Over the three quarters of this year we already achieved
$157 million. As of the end of the year, we expect it
to reach $190 billion.
Our
finances are growing stronger. Our gold and foreign currency reserves have
grown by over 7 percent. In the early 2018, they amounted
to $432 billion while now they stand at almost $464 billion.
For the first
time since 2011, we will have a budget surplus. We are about to reach
the federal budget surplus of 2.1 percent of the GDP.
The National Welfare Fund has grown by around 22 percent.
The average
annual insurance component of the retirement pension stood
at 13,677 rubles in 2017. By the end of this year, it
will be 14,163 rubles.
Life
expectancy has also increased slightly compared to 2017, from 72.7
to 72.9 years.
These are
the general results that I wanted to mention
in the beginning. Let’s not waste our time and proceed
to your questions and my attempts to answer them.
Presidential
Press Secretary Dmitry Peskov: Let us begin by giving some priority
to the Kremlin pool. Its members worked with us throughout
the year, following the President both in Russia
and abroad.
ITAR-TASS,
the state news agency.
Veronika
Romanenkova: Thank you.
The year
2018 arguably went by under the sign of new national projects
that you launched with the May Executive Order. They are expected
to cost an enormous amount of money. However, some experts,
members of the State Council, as was mentioned in Yalta
only recently, have questioned the feasibility of these national
projects and whether they are needed. How well thought out are
the performance assessment criteria for the national projects?
For example, the Accounts Chamber Chairman said that there is no way
to assess their effectiveness. What can you say to counter this?
Before
the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: I will have to begin by saying a few words
on whether these projects are needed, since you said that some question
this.
I have
said it on numerous occasions, and I will repeat it today. We
need a breakthrough. We need to transition to a new
technological paradigm. Without it, the country has no future. This is
a matter of principle, and we have to be clear
on this.
How can
this be done? We need to focus the available resources, find
and channel them to the essential development initiatives. How
can these efforts be organised? By simply distributing money,
and that’s it?
First, we
had to find this money. It took us the entire year 2017
to articulate the objectives and find the resources. Both
the Government and the Presidential Executive Office contributed
to this effort. By the way, when some call for more changes
within the Cabinet, we have to understand that it was
the Government’s financial and economic block that developed
the national development programme to 2024. For this reason,
they are the ones who must take responsibility for the plans
they made. There is no way around it.
So how
should this effort be organised? By simply distributing money? After all,
as much as 20.8 trillion rubles are expected to go into
the national projects alone, and another 6.5 trillion will be
invested in a separate infrastructure development plan.
Of course, the allocation of these resources has to be set
forth in documents of some kind on achieving breakthroughs. You
can refer to these development plans any way you wish. We call them
national projects. After all, it makes it clear that there are goals that have
to be achieved. If there are no objectives, you will never achieve
the final outcome, no matter how you manage these investments. It is
for this reason that the 12 national projects were developed
alongside an infrastructure development plan. Let me remind you
of the main vectors.
Healthcare,
education, research and human capital come first, since without them there
is no way a breakthrough can be achieved. The second vector deals
with manufacturing and the economy. Of course, everything is
related to the economy, including the first part. But
the second part is directly linked to the economy, since it
deals with the digital economy, robotics, etc. I have already
mentioned infrastructure.
Why did we
have this meeting in Yalta, Crimea, to discuss with our colleagues
from the Government and the regions how we will proceed
in these efforts? Because there are questions on how to assess
performance under these projects. We need effective controls, while making sure
that all efforts by the federal centre to monitor what is
happening in the regions are effective. It is true that there are
challenges in this regard, but we are working on them. So what is
the tricky part? The tricky part is that funding mostly comes from
the federal centre, and this applies to all programmes, while
most of the efforts are undertaken in the regions.
The regions must be ready to work constructively. Instead
of simply hiking up prices in response to an increase
in the available funds, they must focus on achieving concrete
results that will be clearly visible. This is the first point
I wanted to make.
Second, we
need to understand whether they will be able to succeed. This is
a real question. Some argue that this would be impossible. But this is
what we hear from those who must deliver. Instead of having these thoughts
they need to work on delivering on these objectives, and if
they feel that they are unable to do so, they have to clear
the way for those who are positive about their ability
to deliver and are ready to work. To tell you
the truth, I have not seen anyone who did not want to do it
or said that it was impossible. These messages come from outside
observers.
Without
ambitious goals we will never achieve anything. For this reason, I do
hope that the federal centre and the regions will be able
to work together in a consolidated and positive manner.
Yes, some indicators have to be adjusted. Our colleagues from
the regions have submitted their proposals to this effect,
and I have high hopes that the Government will take them into
consideration and adjust specific indicators so that we can move forward
effectively.
Before
the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s annual news conference.
Pavel
Zarubin: Rossiya TV channel.
I would
like to expand on a topic that has already been raised. Many
economics experts, including Alexei Kudrin, assert that in reality,
the Russian economy has been growing just by one percent
on average over the past ten years, and if so, this is
essentially marking time, or stagnation. You set the goal
of making a breakthrough, a leap, but for this, even if we
take the lowest estimate, the growth rate should be at least
four to five times higher. The Government promises to achieve
the goal, but that same Government acknowledges that in the next
few years, GDP growth rates will not exceed even 2 percent. In this
regard, here are my questions: what does the Government rely
on in its forecasts, in the planning of its work? Is
a breakthrough possible at all, in this context, or will
the economy continue operating like this: we make some money on oil
surplus, put it aside, then spend it when there is a need for it?
In general, are you satisfied with the Medvedev team?
Dmitry
Peskov: Friends, I would ask you please to respect each
other – ask only one question each.
Vladimir Putin: Look, economic growth has been one percent per year
for a certain period of time. But, first of all, it was
while Mr Kudrin was Deputy Prime Minister, so you must not blame
the mirror for showing a crooked face, as they say. This is
the first point.
The second
is, one should not just count mechanically. I have great respect
for Mr Kudrin, he is my friend and a good professional,
and as a rule, I listen to his recommendations. He is
a reliable specialist, a good one. But look, from 2008 to 2018,
the economy grew by about 7.4 percent. In simple maths –
yes, it equals one percent, a little more. However, let us not forget how
the economy developed. There were higher growth rates, alternating with
recessions associated with the global crisis. In 2009, after
the crisis in the global economy, not in ours – Russia
was not the cause of the global financial crisis
of 2008–2009, it came to us from the outside –
the decline was about 7.8 percent. Then little by little, we were
crawling out of it for many years.
Then,
in 2014–2015, another meltdown occurred – a collapse
in the oil prices, our main exports. That is why I am saying we
should not simply count mechanically.
However,
of course, the country's GDP, the GDP growth rate is one
of the main indicators. But we will not be able to achieve
the GDP growth rates necessary for this breakthrough unless
the structure of the economy is changed. This is what
the national projects are aimed at, and why such enormous funds will
be invested, which I have already said – to change
the structure and build an innovation-based economy.
The Government is counting on this, because if this happens, and we
should all work towards this, then the growth rates will increase
and there will be other opportunities for development.
By the way,
you mentioned the projected 2 percent growth for the next two
years. Yes, in the next years, 2019–2020, two percent each, but from
2021, the Government is already planning 3 percent, and then more.
Therefore, I strongly hope that we will manage to do all this. Some
fluctuations are probably possible, but, I repeat, the most important
thing is that we need… Do you see what we need to do? We need to join
another league of economies, and not only in terms
of volumes. I think that taking the fifth place in terms
of volume is quite possible. We used to rank fifth in terms
of the economy, in purchasing power parity, and we will do
it again, I think. However, we need to ascend to another league
in terms of the quality of the economy. This is what
our national projects are aimed at.
Pavel
Zarubin: Are you satisfied with the Medvedev team?
Vladimir Putin: Overall, yes.
Question: Good
afternoon.
Mr
President, in my city of Volgograd we had a wonderful year.
We celebrated the 75thanniversary of the Battle
of Stalingrad. You made it a federal holiday and we really
appreciate it. You also paid us a visit.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
We
successfully hosted the World Cup and our region indeed began
to breathe and develop.
There is
a lot that still needs to be done. I think the economy will
be extensively discussed. But Volgograd residents have a big wish
and a great favour to ask. In 1998, the Kacha Higher
Military Aviation School of Pilots, which had a very long history,
was shut down.
It was
established at the Tsar’s decree in 1910 and we were truly
proud of it and want to be proud of it further. We want
the military traditions to live on. Please consider re-opening it.
Vladimir Putin: In which year was it shut down?
Remark: In 1998,
unfortunately. It had the Order of the Red Banner
and a long history.
Vladimir Putin: You see, it is already 2018. It happened 20 years ago and I do
not quite know what is left of this legendary school.
You are
right, it was indeed a legendary school. But the Russian Defence
Ministry plans personnel training resources based on whether there is
a demand for specific types of personnel in the Armed
Forces.
Therefore,
we need to look at what can be done not only to remember it but
perhaps to preserve the remaining traditions. I will make sure
to look into this and consult with the Defence Ministry.
Maria
Balyuk: Mr President, good afternoon. My name is Maria Balyuk,
I represent the Prime news agency.
Mr
President, the budget in the current year and the next
year will have a surplus. However, starting January 1, a number
of decisions are coming into effect that may cause a significant
increase in prices of a wide range of goods
and services.
For example,
the VAT will increase to 20 percent, which has already triggered
a two-stage increase in the housing and utilities rates
next year. There is also the new tax for self-employed persons
in pilot regions. Please tell us how these measures agree with
the state’s economic policy.
Vladimir Putin:Housing and utilities rates in two stages, and what
else?
Maria
Balyuk: And, for example, a tax on self-employed people
in pilot regions.
Isn’t this
amount of new measures too much of a burden on Russians
and the economy?
Vladimir Putin You said about the surplus.
Yes, this
is indeed a good indicator of the Government’s economic block
performance. As I said in my opening remarks,
for the first time since 2011 we will have a budget surplus
of 2.1 percent. And this is good.
Let us not
forget that as an oil producing country and a country that
derives much of its revenue from selling oil and gas, we also have
what is called a non-oil-and-gas deficit. This is what the country
earns from selling products and services other than oil and gas.
Let me
remind you that this non-oil-and-gas deficit was 13 percent in 2009, which
is a lot. In the early 2000s, it was at about 3 percent,
but the global economic crisis forced us to use our oil revenues
to meet our social commitments and finance the Armed Forces, so
we had to tap into the oil revenues.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference before the beginning of Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
In this
situation, the non-oil-and-gas deficit surged into the double digits
almost reaching13 percent, I believe. This was a very serious
challenge for the Russian economy. We have now reduced it to 6.6
percent, and next year it is expected to decline to 6 percent
and remain at this level for the next few years.
This is
a very important indicator of economic resilience
for the Russian Federation. Therefore, the increase
in the VAT rate, among other things, is due to the need
to maintain the non-oil-and-gas deficit at a certain level.
Second,
in many countries VAT is 20 percent or even higher. It used
to be higher in Russia as well, but we reduced it
at a certain point. Now we have returned to a 20-percent
tax rate.
However,
the effective VAT rate for the overall economy will be below 20
percent since almost all benefits remain in place:
for pharmaceuticals, children’s goods, and so on, including
for IT companies. Many benefits have been preserved. With this
in mind, the effective rate will be actually lower.
Finally,
I do hope that the rate hike will be only a one-off measure with
a possible slight increase in prices and inflation
in the beginning of the year, after which
the inflation will go down.
The Central
Bank also seeks to prevent inflation from picking up. Only recently,
the interest rate was increased by 0.25 percentage points.
While
there are definitely both benefits and disadvantages to this
decision, all this is done in order to prevent inflation
and prices from growing. For this reason, I believe that
the overall decision was correct and balanced, creating additional
budget revenue and the possibility to deliver on our
development plans as part of the national projects.
As for increases
in housing and utilities tariffs, over the past years they grew
by about 4 percent per year. It is true that next year there will be two
hikes: the first one will be at about 1.7 percent,
and the second one I think will be about 2.4 percent, but
in total this still makes up 4.1 percent.
Why will
the increase be spread out in two stages? The reason is that
with a higher VAT, prices of some goods and services are
expected to increase, and we need to make sure that
the utilities sector does not come under stress.
For this
reason, in order to shield companies in this sector from these
developments and ultimately in the interests
of the people, we decided to proceed in two stages. That
said, the overall increase should not exceed 4.1 percent.
In some
regions, where the utilities infrastructure requires major upgrades
and bigger hikes are required, this can be done as an exception,
and subject to federal Government approval.
Yekaterina
Gagarina: Good afternoon, Mr President. My name is Yekaterina
Gagarina. I represent the Rossiya TV channel in Novosibirsk.
The importance
of the Akademgorodok 2.0 [Academic Town] project that you supported
during your visit to Novosibirsk is obvious not only to Siberian
scientists. This project is unique for the entire country.
But behind
the technological component of this project there are a number
of tasks of a similarly large scale. They include building
housing, roads, kindergartens and schools. My question is what if our
scientific ambitions crash at daily living problems? Will
the scientists have somewhere to live?
Vladimir Putin I would not want them to crash.
I understand
that it is a very important part of the entire process.
Of course, we will be working on this with the regional
officials. When I visited Novosibirsk, I also spoke about this with
my colleagues.
The first
objective of the federal government is to honour its obligations
related to the facilities which trigger the development
of Akademgorodok – which, by the way, is
the opportunity to earn money on these high technologies.
The social component will definitely be carried out after this.
But if any
additional action is required to resolve the scientists’ social
issues, of course, we will try to do it. By the way,
the mortgage sector has been growing lately. We will support it
as well. It is growing very fast for everybody. The growth
of the mortgage sector stands at over 20 percent.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference before the beginning of Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
But,
of course, we will try to address these issues
for Akademgorodok. If there is a critical need
for a response from the federal government, we will discuss it.
Sergei
Marov: Hello, Mr President. My name is Sergei Marov, Zvezda
newspaper, Volgograd Region. I will start with small details
and bring you to the bigger question.
I will
give you a simple example. Next to our editorial office, there is
a company which for nine years…
Vladimir PutinA company?
Sergei
Marov: Yes.
For nine
years, it has been putting gigantic efforts into building a technological
chain for full-cycle flax processing. Imagine…
Vladimir Putin Excuse me, for the full cycle of processing…
Sergei
Marov: Flax.
Vladimir PutinI see.
Sergei
Marov: From planting a seed to finished clothing. This is what
they did.
It appears
that the message from these industrial workers is clear.
At the same time, when I was going to this conference,
I had serious consultations with the company’s workers, and they
said: “The last research institute dealing with flax is
in the process of liquidation.”
The last
training institute for executive personnel in the fibre flax
cultivation is in the process of liquidation. We are receiving
completely different messages from the industrial companies working
on the product and from the government that is supposed
to support these industries.
Therefore,
I have a question. How do you assess the state
of industrial production and its growth rate? Do you believe that
at this stage the government provides sufficient support
to Russian producers?
Vladimir Putin Frankly speaking, I am not aware of the problems
of this flax research institute. But in general, flax is one
of Russia’s traditional industries. It has always been our signature
product, our pride. I will look into this situation.
Usually
the problem is worse than it appears from the outside. I just do
not know the details of what is going on with that
institute – although, of course, flax production, once again, has
always been Russia’s pride. If the industry needs this institute, it may
be preserved, but we need to understand how this can be done. I promise
you to look into this.
Now over
to industrial production. As I said, industrial growth
in general is ahead of GDP growth at 3 percent.
The processing industry has grown by 3.2 percent. This is a good
performance indicator.
As concerns
light industry, it is developing even faster. Over the ten months
of this year, food production has grown by 13 percent, which is,
by the way, confirmed by the consumption figures that are
generally growing. Clothing and footwear industries posted a growth
of 9 percent, a very good result.
Now, is
government support sufficient or not? It is not. This is why we have
mapped out a number of programmes to support specific production
sectors. Overall, by 2024, this support will amount to 1.376 trillion
rubles and will extend to the light industry, aviation, the defence
industry and some other sectors.
We have
individual programmes for major industries. Next year, they will receive
450 billion rubles in support. The year after, it will be 450
to 470 billion rubles. These are the indicators, the figures.
The total funding stands at 1.376 trillion rubles.
00
Before
the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s annual news conference.
Anton
Vernitsky: Mr President, as Soviet-era children, all of us
feared a nuclear war very much. As you remember, various songs dealt
with this issue. One of them had the following lyrics: “Sunny world:
Yes, yes, yes; nuclear explosion: No, no, no.”
Vladimir Putin: Are you not afraid today?
Anton
Vernitsky: Forty years have passed, and major media outlets
on both sides of the ocean are beginning to publish
a scenario for a nuclear exchange between Russia
and the United States. The word “war” is sounding more
and more often at household level, in kitchens.
Mr
President, how can you calm down my little son who, just like me, also
fears a nuclear war today? What words and actions can calm us all
down?
Vladimir Putin You know, I think you are right.
I just
thought that all this, including the danger of such developments
in the world, is now being hushed up and played down
to some extent. It seems impossible or something that is not so
important. At the same time, if, God forbid, something like this
happens, it might destroy the whole of civilisation or perhaps
the entire planet.
These
issues are therefore serious, and it is a great pity that there is
such a tendency to underestimate the problem, and that this
tendency is probably becoming more pronounced. What are the current
distinguishing features and dangers?
First, all
of us are now witnessing the disintegration
of the international system for arms control
and for deterring the arms race. This process is taking place
after the United States withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile
(ABM) Treaty that, as I have already noted a thousand times, was
the cornerstone in the sphere of non-proliferation
of nuclear weapons and deterring the arms race.
After
that, we were forced to respond by developing new weapons systems
that could breach these ABM systems. Now, we hear that Russia has gained
an advantage. Yes, this is true. So far, the world has no such
weapons systems. Leading powers will develop them, but, as yet they do not
exist.
In this
sense, there are certain advantages. But, speaking of the entire
strategic balance, this is just an element of deterrence
and for equalising parities. This is just the preservation
of parity, and nothing more.
They are
now about to take another step and withdraw from the INF Treaty.
What will happen? It is very difficult to imagine how the situation
will unfold. What if these missiles show up in Europe? What are we
supposed to do then?
Of course,
we will need to take some steps to ensure our safety. And they
should not whine later that we are allegedly trying to gain certain
advantages. We are not. We are simply trying to maintain the balance
and ensure our security.
The same
goes for the START III Treaty, which expires in 2021. There are
no talks on this issue. Is it because no one is interested,
or believes it is necessary? Fine, we can live with that.
We will
ensure our security. We know how to do it. But in general,
for humanity, this is very bad, because this takes us to a very
dangerous line.
Finally,
there is another circumstance I cannot ignore. There is a trend
to lower the threshold for the use of nuclear weapons.
There are plans to create low-impact nuclear charges, which translates
to tactical rather than global use. Such ideas are coming from Western
analysts who say it is okay to use such weapons. However, lowering
the threshold can lead to a global nuclear disaster. This is one
danger we are facing today.
The second
is the use of non-nuclear ballistic missiles. True, our US partners
seem to have dropped this idea, but it still exists. What does it mean?
Before
the beginning of Vladimir Putin’s annual news conference.
Suppose,
a ballistic missile is launched, nuclear or non-nuclear.
The missile attack warning system identifies the launch
and the launch site, and, seconds later, determines the flight
path and the possible warhead landing area. This is all
on the verge of a possible error. It is terrible,
and we cannot take it that far. Nevertheless, such an idea
of using non-nuclear ballistic missiles exists.
Suppose,
a submarine fired a ballistic missile from the World Ocean, but
who the hell knows if it is nuclear or not, go figure. This is very
dangerous. All of that is being widely discussed, which is dangerous.
However,
I believe humanity has enough common sense and enough
of a sense of self-preservation not to take these things
to the extreme.
Dmitry
Peskov: Let us go to this sector. I see the Ukrainian flag
in the second row.
Vladimir Putin: You attend all our news conferences, correct? You are from Ukraine?
Dmitry
Peskov: Yes, he is our colleague from Ukraine.
Vladimir Putin: Right, my colleagues told me it was better not to let him
speak, because he would cause a scandal. Are you going to cause
a scandal now?
Please go
ahead.
Yegor
Sozayev-Guryev: Yegor Sozayev-Guryev, Izvestia. My question is about
the incident in the Kerch Strait.
Vladimir Putin: But Izvestia is not from Ukraine, is it?
Yegor
Sozayev-Guryev: Well, my question is about Ukraine.
Vladimir Putin: Well, go ahead.
Yegor
Sozayev-Guryev: I have a question about the precedent
in the Kerch Strait, I wonder about the future
of the captured Ukrainian military. What will happen to them? Do
you think this provocation was a success?
I cannot
help asking about the citizens of Russia imprisoned
in the United States. I mean Butina and Yaroshenko. How can
Russia protect their rights? Perhaps, we should look at our Chinese
partners? A Chinese citizen representing Huawei was detained
in Canada. In response, they detained several Canadian citizens.
Perhaps, we could learn from that experience?
Vladimir Putin: With regard to your first question, you said: “Do you think this
provocation was a success?” First, let us state that it was
a provocation, and you agree with that. This is already a good
start.
Now,
whether it was a success or not, I believe provocations are
a bad thing whatever way you look at them. Provocations seek
to aggravate things. Why do our Ukrainian partners need things to go
that way? Clearly, they are in the middle of an election
campaign right now, and they want to aggravate the situation
in order to raise the ratings of one of the contenders,
I mean the incumbent president and the current government.
Well, this is bad, it is ultimately bad for the interests
of the Ukrainian people and state. However, it is possible
to move forward without any provocations and do so calmly,
as before.
Whether it
was a success or not, I mean in terms of improving
popularity ratings, maybe it was, as Mr Poroshenko’s ratings seem
to have increased a little and he has moved from the fifth
position to the second or third, where the figure
fluctuates around 12 percent. Ms Tymoshenko, I believe, has 20 percent
or even more, whereas Zelinsky, Boyko and Poroshenko have around 12
percent each. In this sense, yes, he probably achieved the goal.
At the expense of the country’s interests, I believe.
This is a bad way to boost ratings.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
With
regard to the future of the Ukrainian servicemen, they were
sent on this mission and some of them were expected to die
in the process. I can see that the leadership is very upset
by the fact that no one died. They expected some of them
to die. Thank God, this did not happen. An investigation is underway.
Once it is over, we will know what to do with them.
Still,
I will ask you to give the microphone to our colleague from
Ukraine.
Roman
Tsymbalyuk: Thank you. There will be no scandal. There never was
a scandal actually.
Vladimir
Putin: Thank God.That already is good news.
Roman
Tsymbalyuk: Mr President, I would like to ask you how much money
you are spending on the occupied Donbass? Under your leadership,
people there are living in poverty. Let us face it, they have become
slaves to Russia. You are concerned about the threat
of a nuclear war and at the same time, you are
preparing for a war against NATO, and, in fact, you are shooting
at Ukrainian citizens. It was you as the Supreme
Commander-in-Chief who issued the order to open fire at seamen.
My question is what are the terms of the exchange?
And a question
about the elections, if I may. You say that you analyse
the approval ratings.
Vladimir Putin: Just a second. Terms of exchange?
Roman
Tsymbalyuk: The terms of exchange of Ukrainian political
prisoners and Ukrainian servicemen. You do need your Russian citizens
back, don’t you?
And about
the elections, if I may. You constantly analyse the ratings
and one gets the impression that…
Vladimir
Putin: I do not analyse them, I look at them inasmuch
as you print them.
Roman
Tsymbalyuk: … in this way you are meddling in the electoral
process like you did in the United States. Doesn’t it seem
to you that a direct dialogue between the presidents
of Ukraine and Russia will never take place until you change your
job?
Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: Regarding the suffering of the people who live
in Donbass. You are a Ukrainian citizen, aren’t you? And you
consider the people who live on this territory to be
the citizens of your country. Can you tell me who established
the blockade between Donbass and the rest of Ukraine? Did
Russia do it? The Ukrainian authorities did it: they imposed a total
economic blockade of the territory they consider to be their
own. They shoot at the people they consider to be their own
citizens. People are killed there almost every day, peaceful civilians,
by the way.
We do
render humanitarian and other assistance and support
to the people who live on that territory. But we do it only
to prevent them from being finally crushed, devoured and torn
to pieces, and we will continue doing it. Because attempts
to solve these political issues by force – and we have seen
this being done by the current Kiev authorities for several
years – are doomed to failure. This has to be kept in mind.
Now
concerning how to settle these relations and who will and will
not remain in power. It is not about personalities, it is about
the attitude towards people. We want to see peace and prosperity
on the entire territory of Ukraine, including Donbass. We are
interested in it because Ukraine remains one of our biggest trade
and economic partners.
Trade
between Ukraine and Russia, in spite of all the efforts
of the current Kiev authorities, is growing, it has grown
in the outgoing year, it has grown during the current year. Is
it strange? No, it is not strange because these are natural ties. These natural
ties will sooner or later make themselves felt. But as long
as the Kiev corridors of power are peopled by Russophobes
who do not understand the interests of their own people this abnormal
situation will persist. Regardless of who is in power
at the Kremlin.
We have
attended to the issue of exchange all along. Mr Medvedchuk,
on instructions from Poroshenko, by the way, has been constantly
engaged in this. He came to Moscow just recently and raised
the issue of the release of Ukrainian servicemen detained
in the Kerch Strait, in the Black Sea to be more
precise. Yes, Medvedchuk raised this issue. However, as I have said,
these issues could only be tackled after the criminal case is closed.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Margarita
Baulina: Good afternoon, colleagues, Mr President. My name is Margarita
Baulina, I am from the Family, Society, Traditions publication.
Two years
ago, a group of activists from my paper decided to take
part in a social project to build a covered football pitch
for disadvantaged children, as well as for kids from
children’s homes.
For two
years, we have been knocking on the doors of various committees,
writing letters, holding meetings and still everybody is totally
indifferent to our cause. I do not want to speak ill
of my colleagues from other professional fields, but we are treated
like we want to open a flower shop or a gas station,
and nobody pays attention to the fact that we want to help
the state perform its functions and carry out an important
mission.
Vladimir
Putin: Sorry, I did not understand you: what are you trying to do?
Margarita
Baulina: We are trying to open a covered football pitch
for disadvantaged children and children from children’s homes,
to give them an opportunity to fulfil themselves for free,
to find their true identity not in the streets through some
harmful activities.
Vladimir
Putin: Do you have a non-governmental non-profit organisation established,
or what?
Margarita
Baulina: We are registered as a limited liability company
on the base of our publication.
Vladimir
Putin: So it means this is a business?
Margarita
Baulina: Currently, yes, because we cannot find other ways to implement
our project.
Vladimir
Putin: Who have you addressed?
Margarita
Baulina: We are trying to address this issue with several committees
in out city, such as the Property Committee, Sports Committee
and the Committee for Youth and Social Policy.
And each time we go from one committee to another, and exchange
letters with them, etc.
Vladimir
Putin: How much does your project cost?
Margarita
Baulina: At the moment we need 11 million rubles.
Vladimir
Putin: What was your city again?
Margarita
Baulina: St Petersburg.
Vladimir
Putin: I will speak with the Acting Governor. I am sure we can
solve this problem.
Margarita
Baulina: Thank you very much.
Vladimir
Putin: Yes, I am sure.
Kseniya
Golovanova: Congratulations on Counterintelligence Day, Mr President.
This is observed today.
Vladimir
Putin: Thank you and the same to you. I feel that you
are quite closely connected to this sphere…
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Intelligence,
counterintelligence and information work are all the same.
At the end of the day, they are all about information: you
work with information, and so do the special services.
Kseniya
Golovanova: Russian society, especially its younger part, have recently
witnessed strange actions by the authorities that I believe can
cause unnecessary conflict. One example is the case
of the rappers – I think you are already familiar with this
word. They come under pressure, with crackdowns on their concerts.
Vladimir
Putin: Are you questioning my competency?
Kseniya
Golovanova: Not at all.
Vladimir
Putin: You said, “I think you are already familiar with this word.”
Well, I knew it even before.
Kseniya
Golovanova: Well, you tend to use it more often now.
Vladimir
Putin: There were rappers among my authorised representatives. Take
Timati, for example. Just look at this spectacular guy.
By the way, he is a wonderful person and a brilliant
artist.
Kseniya
Golovanova: During the meeting of the Council
for Culture, you said that if you cannot rein in a movement, you
have to become its leader. Could you tell me why the state has
to have a role in all this? Why not just leave it alone? Why did
the people have to be dispersed? Who needed it? So they use obscene
language in their songs – let them be.
There is
a second question I wanted to ask that also deals with young
people. A lot of people have recently voiced their misgivings over
a legislative initiative on introducing tighter responsibility
for negative statements regarding the state and authorities.
This will also primarily target young people on social media. Aren’t you
afraid that these initiatives could cost you their support?
Vladimir
Putin: Let me start with the question on alienating young people
or attracting them.
You know,
in any discussion about the youth, I always remember ceratin
tragic and heroic chapters from our recent past. Do you remember
the airborne squadron of 96 young lads, 19 or 20 years old, who
found themselves in the Armed Forces almost immediately after
graduating from school? These 96 soldiers fought against 2,000. Only six
survived. They fought for almost three days, at times fighting
at close quarters, with shovels and knives. They are heroes,
and they were young, 19 or 20 years old (Applause).
Take
volunteers, for example. There are thousands and thousands
of them. I think that as many as 35,000 worked
at the World Cup. And what about those involved
in battlefield archaeology? There are thousands of them as well.
They are all young people.
People
of this kind form a very substantial social stratum, a large
social group. They are all young, they are the foundation of Russia’s
present and future. There are also young researchers, talented artists
and musicians, including rappers.
As for responsibility
for desecration of the flag or other state symbols, it
exists in almost every country. People must respect their country. There
are rules that must be respected everywhere. If there is responsibility
offline, it must also exist online.
In what
way does online behaviour differ from offline activity? After all, these are
still social interactions, especially since the internet has penetrated
all areas of our lives. For this reason, there is nothing
extraordinary about it.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
As for these
rappers being detained, I agree with you. This does not make any sense
and brings about the opposite effect to what was intended,
leading nowhere. That being said, there is nothing good in what you said
about letting people use obscene language and not paying attention
to it.
Recently,
as you must have seen, I attended Yury Temirkanov’s birthday
celebration; he turned 80. He said something very common and still
absolutely correct: “Art does not exist to indulge base motives, base
interests and low cultural profile. Culture is there to raise
the level of those things.”
Of course,
this is not something people should be caught, restricted or punished for.
This would be wrong. But there are other things. For example, remember,
I did not know it was broadcast live, where I told
my interlocutor: “Let us all use foul language here at the Council
on Culture meeting.” Everyone laughed. Why? It never occurs to anyone
to do this. Why should we condone it? No, we should not do this.
But there
are other elements. For example, drug propaganda. Do we want our young
people to use drugs? Why should we condone the promotion of drug
use? This is a degradation of society, a degradation
of young people, and a degradation of the nation.
Do we want
to degenerate? Someone wants to promote drugs – so let them. But
we should not do this, and in no way should we encourage it,
and we should not turn a blind eye either. Only, we need
a different way of dealing with these trends.
Another
example: it has become trendy to promote suicide among young people. So
what do you say, let's go now and hang ourselves, or what? Then you
go first, not me. You do not want to, right? This cannot be allowed
in the youth environment. That is what I said – you take
the lead.
This is
different from catching, restricting or telling someone to ”do
as I do.“ No, this is not aviation. Here you have to act
differently. Are there any different methods? Of course there are. We need
to carefully and calmly build our case, convince people
of the greater appeal of other values. But you cannot ban it outright,
I agree with you.
Dmitry
Peskov: Are there, in addition to the Ukrainian media,
media representatives from other countries as well? Our Japanese
colleagues from Kyodo Tsushin in the middle of this centre
section, please, take the floor. Please, pass the microphone there.
Hirofumi
Sugizaki: Good afternoon, Mr President.
Vladimir
Putin: Good afternoon.
Hirofumi
Sugizaki: Hirofumi Sugizaki,Kyodo Tsushin, Japan.
It is
natural that my question is, unfortunately, about the peace treaty
that, as I understand, our countries are seeking to sign. After
your meeting with Mr Shinzo Abe in Singapore, where you agreed
to push the negotiating process forward on the basis
of the Soviet-Japanese Declaration of 1956, our public’s only
concern is about how many islands we are going to get: nil, two, three
or four – we do not know. On the other hand,
as I understand, the Russians are also puzzled, as they
mainly ask questions like, “Why should we return them?” Some people even
approach us with a threat: “We will not yield an inch of our
land.” And so on. The question is about the delimitation that we
must carry out. But if our new treaty – a peace treaty – is
confined to the delimitation of borders, this will not be enough
and will not be interesting to our nations, and people will not
understand this. What new idea do you think should be embedded
in a treaty to bring our relations to a new level?
There is
another question that I cannot fail to ask in connection with
the above. Russia – and you yourself – has brought up
security issues recently, I mean the deployment of the US
missile defence system in Japan and the possibility
of deploying American troops and military infrastructure
on the islands should they be transferred to Japan. We are
holding negotiations at an expert level, but in military matters
Japan almost fully depends on the US. Do you think these issues can
be resolved on a bilateral basis, or will you have to deal
directly with the US? Thank you very much.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: Let us talk about the final part of your question so that we
do not forget what you said. The issues of security are crucially
important, including when signing a peace treaty. You spoke about
the deployment of the US military infrastructure in Japan,
but it is already there, the largest US base is in Okinawa, it has
been there for decades, as we know.
Now, about
Japan’s ability to take part in this decision-making. To us,
this is an unclear, closed issue. We do not understand the level
of Japan’s sovereignty in making such decisions. You know better than
all other colleagues, and I know too that the Okinawa Governor
is opposed to some decisions related to improving and expanding
the base. He is against it, but he cannot do anything about it. People who
live there are also against it.
There is
a lot of evidence of that; there have been opinion polls
and protests demanding the withdrawal of this base. And,
in any case, they are opposed to strengthening the US Air Force
part of the base that is there. There are plans to improve
and expand it, and it is happening despite the fact that
everybody is against it.
We do not
know what will happen after the peace treaty is concluded, but without
an answer to this question it will be very difficult to make any
crucial decisions. And, of course, we are concerned about the plans
to place ABM systems there. I told the United States this many
times and I will repeat again that we do not consider this to be
defensive weapons; this is part of the US strategic nuclear potential
placed outside. And these systems, they are synchronised with
the missile strike systems.
So there
are no illusions and we understand everything. But nevertheless we are
sincerely striving and will strive to sign a peace treaty with
Japan. It is because I am confident, and Prime Minister Abe shares
my confidence, that the current state of affairs is not normal.
Both Japan and Russia are interested in a complete settlement
of our relations, and it is not only because we need something from
Japan in terms of the economy. Our economy is more or less
developing.
Just this
morning, Economic Development Minister Maxim Oreshkin reported on his trip
to Japan. There is some progress, including an agreement
on deliveries, on opening the Japanese market to Russian
meat and poultry products. There are other improvements as well.
Therefore, we are moving forward, and will continue to move forward,
as it will be necessary. But the normalisation is important
to us, both for Russia and Japan. It is a difficult
process, but we are ready to move forward together with our colleagues.
Dmitry
Peskov: Thank you. As you may know, British media regulator Ofcom has
just found RT guilty of violating broadcasting regulations and is
looking into the possibility of introducing sanctions against it.
I saw an RT correspondent somewhere here. Let us give him
the floor, as he is the main source of such information.
Vladimir
Putin: Yes, please.
Ilya
Petrenko: Thank you, Mr Peskov.
Good
afternoon. My name is Ilya Petrenko from the Russia Today television
channel.
But
I have a different question. First, I would like to inquire
about a recent decision to simplify procedures
for the people of Ukraine to obtain Russian citizenship.
Our channel often dealt with this issue, as well as with bureaucracy.
It goes without saying that this is an important step, but I would
like to ask you to explain the logic of this from
a purely political standpoint. If this is so essential, and if this
is needed to help people in eastern Ukraine, why didn’t we do it
earlier? Are you not afraid that bureaucracy will persist, and that papers
will, from now on, be placed to the left, rather than the right?
I would
also like to come back to the question from my Izvestia
colleague. There is the Skripal scandal and the Western response
to it. Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi Arabian journalist, was murdered,
and this incident caused an entirely different response. Kirill
Vyshinsky and Maria Butina, as well as Huawei Chief Financial
Officer were arrested. And Donald Trump is saying openly that sheis
a bargaining chip in a trade war. My colleague wanted
to know if we would ever see this happening in Russia, when foreign
citizens would be arrested under far-fetched pretexts and exchanged
for someone else. Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: Let us start with the last part of your question.
I do not want to comment on US-Chinese relations, who arrested
whom and for what actions, etc. This is a very sensitive area,
and we will not act according to the laws of the Code
of Hammurabi here. The law of retaliation states, “An eye
for an eye or a tooth for a tooth.” We need
to act very cautiously here, and we need to be real. We will
respond if certain people violate Russian legislation, regardless of their
national and state affiliation. But we will not arrest innocent people
simply to exchange them for someone else later on.
As for the fate
of Russian nationals, we do care about them, including the fact that
Butina is being forced to admit something over there. I cannot
understand what she could possibly have admitted, since she was not following
any instructions from the Russian Government or its agencies.
I am saying this because I mean it, no matter what she says under
the threat of being sentenced to 12 or 15 years
in prison. It is understandable that together with her lawyer she is fighting
to get out of prison. I do not quite understand why they put her
there in the first place. There were simply no grounds for it.
But now this is a question of saving face for them
and finding a way out. I am primarily referring
to the US justice system. We will see how it plays out. We do care,
and we will keep an eye on this case and provide our
support accordingly.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
As for the Skripals
and Khashoggi, no comment is required. Khashoggi was obviously murdered,
and everyone acknowledged it. Skripal is alive, thank Heaven.
Nevertheless, Russia was slapped with a salvo of sanctions
in this connection, with no end in sight, which contrasts with
complete silence in the second case. This is
a politically-driven, Rusophobic approach. It serves
as a pretext for attacking Russia once more. Without
the Skripal case, they would have come up with something else. This is
quite obvious to me. Their only goal is to contain Russia
and prevent it from emerging as a potential competitor.
I do not see any other end to it.
Regarding
red tape on citizenship matters. You said “red tape.” How so? Red tape is
perennial. You cannot defeat it. At the same time, you cannot live
without it either, and this has to be said as well. It is true
that there must be rules for this bureaucracy and governance
mechanisms, etc.
Regarding
naturalisation, this does not have to do only with what is taking place
in southeastern Ukraine. Our initiatives do not target exclusively people
living in these territories. The Government is currently working
on amendments to the relevant law on citizenship
and naturalisation. What for? These efforts are designed to show that
we do not seek and will not support policies of division
or the ones designed to alienate the peoples of Russia
and Ukraine. What are the current [Ukrainian] authorities doing? What
is their mission? What are they trying to achieve on the back
of Russophobia they are promoting? They are practically admitting that they
are pursuing a historic task of separating the peoples
of Russia and Ukraine. This is what they are up to.
And for that, they can get away with anything.
Your
colleague from the Ukrainian media talked about the challenges faced
by people living in Donbass and the Lugansk Region,
and their poor living standards. But is it any better in Ukraine?
The situation is quite similar compared to Donbass, and it is
getting worse all the time. Anything can be forgiven within
the country, and even more so outside it against the backdrop
of war, hostilities and tensions. And they are getting paid
for this. They are about to receive another IMF tranche. We do
understand what this is all about: just enough to pay out pensions
and salaries to social sector employees, and the future
generations will have to foot the bill. For this reason
the overall situation is quite unfavourable. I believe this
to be the case for the economy, society and domestic
political processes. But our nations are very close and share
the same history, so we will do everything to move in this
direction.
The law
on citizenship is currently being amended, and it will be adopted
in early 2019.
Yury
Abumov: Yury Abumov, Khakassia newspaper.
Mr
President, I would like to ask about the latest regional
elections. It is no secret that in some regions, they were quite turbulent
and tense, and sometimes even long, like in Primorye, where they
have just ended, and Khakassia actually set a record of holding
elections that went on for two whole months.
But
the most important thing is that, as a result
of the protest vote, opposition parties’ candidates won.
In particular, a candidate from the Communist Party won
in Khakassia, and candidates from LDPR won in Khabarovsk
and in Vladimir Region. This raises some questions.
First, why
do you think this happened? Second, why, contrary to the tradition
you established, have you not met with the elected regional heads yet?
And most importantly, how do you intend to build relations with
the regions where the opposition parties won? Because there are
concerns that the federal Government may cut their funding
and support – there are such fears.
Vladimir
Putin: Do not worry about it. It is strange that this question even
occurred.
About
the meetings. The elections in Vladivostok were held just last
Sunday, and that is why there were no meetings. They will be,
and they are scheduled for next week, I believe. We will have
the State Council meeting, and, I have already instructed
the Executive Office to schedule a separate meeting with
the newly elected heads of the regions you have just mentioned.
We had to wait for the voting results in Vladivostok. This
is the first point.
Second.
This is not the first time that representatives of opposition parties
win elections, is it? For several years now, an LDPR representative has
been heading Smolensk; in Omsk, there is someone from United Russia,
I think, and in other regions, there are representatives
of the Communist Party. So what? They are working; everything is
fine.
I am
not a member of any party. True, I created the United
Russia, but the President is not a member of any party.
And the main thing for me is that people in the cities
and regions of the Russian Federation feel that life is changing
for the better.
In fact,
if they cast their vote for a specific person who does not represent
the United Russia party, that is their choice. I will help
in every way any elected leader of the region.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
The only
question is that the newly elected heads of regions themselves should
rise to the challenge, should be able to fulfil
the electoral promises they made to the people.
Yelena
Glushakova: My name is Yelena Glushakova, and I am from RIA
Novosti.
Vladimir
Putin: Good afternoon.
Yelena
Glushakova: I have also brought a picture, Masha and the Bear,
that relates to the topic of my question.
As my colleagues have said, Russia has been living under a huge
amount of the most varied sanctions for the past few years.
It can be hard to keep track at times, and, in some cases, they
are vowing to introduce sanctions against cartoon characters.
But this
is beside the point. My question is more serious. They are planning
to introduce even more serious sanctions; for example, US lawmakers
are preparing for this. And is Russia prepared for a new
round of sanctions escalation? Does the Government have any plan
for minimising their impact on the Russian economy?
And what do you think the impact is, all the more so given
the widely differing views expressed on it?
Vladimir
Putin: Well, we have discussed sanctions many times. If you want
to discuss this issue once again, that is okay with me.
Throughout
virtually its entire history, Russia has faced various restrictions
and sanctions. Really its entire history.
If you
look at the history of the 19th and 20th centuries,
you will see that the situation is always the same. You can read
diplomatic correspondence dating to the 19th century
and the early 20th century. Everything is
the same. They urged Russian diplomats to quickly establish order
in the Caucasus and to do many other things. Nothing
changes.
How can
this be explained? I have already discussed this, and I hope
that an overwhelming majority of today’s audience also realises that
it is related to Russia’s growing might and its greater
competitiveness. A mighty and powerful player is emerging, one that
has to be reckoned with, even if others would rather not.
Quite
recently, they believed that a country like that no longer existed, but it
turns out it does and it must be reckoned with. Our country has
a population of 160 million. This is not just some wishful thinking
on the part of its leaders, it represents the interests
of the people that we are defending. By the way, we are
carefully defending these interests with calm and restraint, nothing
boorish. But we are going about our business, and we will continue
to move in this direction.
Speaking
of present-day sanctions, they have just mentioned the Skripals
and Khashoggi incidents. So, is there any logic here? No, there is none.
This is just a pretext for taking additional action to contain
Russia.
Our
economy, as it has been said many times, has adapted to these
external restrictions. Look, in the beginning of this meeting
I mentioned that after the 2008−2009 global crisis, our GDP dropped by 7.8 percent. There were no
sanctions at the time. After the sanctions were imposed
in 2014, the drop was 2.5 percent.
You asked
how we assess this situation? We always assess it in our favour. But let
us look at how our opponents see it – those who impose
the sanctions. For example, the US Treasury Department believes
that this 2.5-percent drop in 2015 was one-third due
to the sanctions and two-thirds due to the collapsed
prices on energy sources, mainly, oil. In fact, I think that
one-third is too much. But all, right, they did affect our GDP.
The sanctions
also affect those who introduced them. According to the European
Parliament, the European economy lost around 500 billion euros due
to the sanctions against Russia because they lost our market, they
under-export and they under-import certain goods from us. The number
of jobs has dropped.
It is
significant for them because many EU countries suffer from a very
high unemployment rate. In Spain, if I am not mistaken, it is still
around 15 percent. We have 4.8 percent and they have 15 percent, you know.
And the development of global trade, which lost over 400
billion, is also a result of such an unpredictable policy,
including sanctions. This policy is harmful to everybody.
I will
repeat once again, our economy has adapted to this. Yes, there are some
adverse effects but look, there are also positive sides to these
sanctions. What are they? The sanctions made us switch on our brains
in many areas and Western experts also acknowledge this.
The share of Russian transport machine building was 98 percent
in 2017. Automobile production accounted for 85 percent. Several
other industries, also key areas, accounted for around 80 percent.
This year,
we spent 600 billion rubles on import substitution, including 125
to 128 billion from the federal budget. I will not even mention
agriculture. We had to compensate for the imports
in the market. Yes, unfortunately, this resulted
in a short-term price increase in the domestic food market
but right now, the prices have stabilised to a large extent
in this sector of the economy and agriculture has made
a breakthrough that we could not have ever imagined.
Since
2000, the amount of exports has increased 16-fold, which is just
unbelievable except it is actually happening. There are negative
and positive sides but in any case, we would like the world
economy to develop without any shocks, unlawful measures or external
restrictions, to develop naturally, for its own benefit.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Dmitry
Peskov: Now, to our respected regional media. Chelyabinsk, please.
Vladimir
Putin: Wait a second. I see a poster saying ‘KGB
and children.’ Today is December 20, the day
of the Cheka. What do you mean, there are children
in the KGB? What is it? Please, hand them a microphone.
Remark: As my good
friend said once, “We all are the children of the KGB, but life
has taught us different things.”
Vladimir
Putin: If you are the children of the KGB, why does life teach
you? The KGB should do that.
Question:
Mr President, society strongly demands social justice. According to Levada
Centre, 66 percent of respondents feel nostalgic about the Soviet
Union. And here is my question: do you think that a restoration
of socialism is possible in Russia?
Vladimir
Putin: I think this is impossible.
I believe
that the deep changes that have taken place in our society make
restoring socialism in the sense you mean impossible.
There can
be social elements in the economy and the social sector,
but expenses will always exceed profits, and as a result,
the economy would be at a dead end.
But
the just distribution of resources, the fair treatment
of people who live below the poverty line, and a state
policy aimed to lower the number of people who have to live
like that, to provide the majority of people with healthcare
services and education in acceptable conditions, if this is
the socialism we are talking about, we are holding to the very
same policy. Our national programmes that we talked about
in the beginning of this meeting, are mostly aimed at all
this.
Dmitry Peskov: If
it is not about the KGB then please go ahead. You are from Chelyabinsk,
aren’t you?
Yana
Skonechnaya: Thank you.
My name
is Yana Skonechnaya, I represent the Southern Urals State Television
and Radio Company, the city of Chelyabinsk.
I have
a question that concerns not only Chelyabinsk, but all of Russia.
I am talking about waste management, waste sorting, in particular.
Not a single city in our country has either the industry
for separate trash collection, or a culture of waste
sorting. I have a colleague who does separate trash collection, but
her entire apartment is filled with trash bags, because she needs
to collect a certain amount of it, then load it into her car,
take it to the other end of the city and only then
dispose of it. Of course, some regions have already begun building
the appropriate infrastructure, but this is all a drop
in the ocean. You raised this issue on many occasions. So why is
it so hard to make it happen? Why can we not use international experience
and have our waste properly recycled?
Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: You know, the answer is fairly simple. The situation is
complicated, but the answer is simple – we have never dealt with it.
For decades, since Soviet times, we have been dumping garbage
in pits, to put it colorfully. No one has ever engaged in its
processing, unless minimally in certain areas, while we produce,
I believe, 70 million tonnes of trash annually, and there is no
place to dispose of it. The amount of waste tends
to increase with the development of industry, including
the development of the consumer goods industry.
As chemistry progresses, the amount of plastic trash increases.
In the Pacific, there are entire islands of it the size
of France and several metres thick. Plastic tends to accumulate
in these spots and there is nothing you can do about it. However,
this is the Pacific, while we dump it all in landfills.
We need
to address several key and top priorities. First, we need
to eliminate illegal landfills. Second, we should create a waste
treatment industry. What your colleague is doing is great, and is highly
commendable, but this is a problem for environmentally conscious
people. The state, first of all the regions, and then
the municipalities, should create conditions for separate trash
collection and subsequent recycling. I understand the people who
oppose the construction of waste disposal plants. You have just
mentioned international best practices. It is necessary to use them
in our country. We often manage to do so. Here, we need to do
the same. Some environmentalists and even some citizens object
to building even waste incineration plants in the regions. These
plants need to be of high quality and efficient, so as not
to have to scrimp on the filters for them. They are
the most expensive part of the processing and incineration
plants. Everything has be done according to the corresponding
technology and methodology.00
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
In Tokyo
(as our colleague will confirm, I think), waste incineration plants
are located in central parts of the city. There is no smell, no
problems whatsoever, because the process is adhered to. We need to do
the same. We must build 200 waste treatment plants before 2024. I am
not sure this will be enough, but we must have at least 200 such plants
in our country.
Alexander
Ilyin: Alexander Ilyin, Yakutia newspaper.
Mr
President, my question is this. The Crimean Bridge has become
a symbol of Crimea’s return to its homeland. The bridge
over the Lena River can become a symbol of the development
of Russia’s Asian part. I would like to ask you, should we
expect this bridge to be built? If so, when? Because the Yakut people
really need it. Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: I see. A symbol is always good; it is always
a landmark of some stage of work that has been completed
and a springboard for further progress. In this sense,
the Crimean Bridge is both. I agree with you: it is both
a symbol of Crimea’s reunification with Russia,
and an opportunity for the peninsula’s development. It
opens opportunities for development. It is very important.
The same
applies to the bridge across the Lena River. You said it has
to spur development. This needs to be calculated carefully.
The cost of this project – and we have been talking about
it for a long time, for several years – is very high. It is
an expensive project. We need to look if it will simply stop
at the city and that is it, or if there is
a possibility of developing the region as a whole,
the area on the other side of the Lena River:
the local economy, infrastructure, access to mineral deposits. Here
is what we need to decide. We need to match the costs against
the end result for the economy of the region
as a whole. If our colleagues at the Transport Ministry
and the Economic Development Ministry agree, then of course we
will implement this project.
Vladimir
Putin: Let us go on. Nature, Motherland, people.
Remark: (From
the audience.) We will soon run out of gas.
Vladimir
Putin: We will talk about gas in a moment. We will not run out
of gas. We have more gas than the rest of the world. We
have 67 trillion cubic metres in Yamal alone.
Go ahead,
please.
Sergei
Lisovsky: Mr President,
Thank you
for the opportunity to ask you a question. Sergei Lisovsky,
editor-in-chief of Society and the Environment newspaper.
I have been publishing it in St Petersburg for 19 years now.
Next year it will turn 20 – the oldest environmental newspaper
in Russia, steadily published. Small but steady.
Vladimir
Putin: We will celebrate.
Sergei
Lisovsky: That is what I wanted to say, before asking
a serious question, I would like to invite you to St
Petersburg to attend a roundtable discussion on Russia's
development strategy, on the occasion of the 20th
anniversary of Society and the Environment.
My question
is as follows. We are working on the protection
of the Neva River, the protection of forests, water
resources, the protection of the Don River… And thank you
so much for issuing instructions at the Russian Popular Front’s
media forum on April 23 to report to you
on the construction of the Bagayevsky hydroelectric dam,
this dangerous facility the local residents are opposing.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Mr
Kiriyenko at the RPF congress told me that your instructions remain
in force. But local officials are reluctant to comply with them.
Therefore, I would like to ask you to pay attention
to the Don River – this is as great a Russian river
as the Volga and the Neva. This is my first point.
And second,
Mr President.
On December 15,
you chaired a meeting of the Council for Culture [and Art]
at the Constantine Palace. All the questions asked there were
very good and correct, including about drug addiction. But Andrei
Mikhalkov-Konchalovsky asked one of the key questions,
and I would like to follow up on this issue after thinking
it over.
He said
that Russia now lacks an ambitious national development idea.
The Russian Empire had the following triad: Orthodox Christianity,
autocracy and nationality. The Soviet Union had the moral code
of the builder of communism. Today, it is unclear what kind
of society we are building, but it looks more like the amoral code
of the builder of capitalism.
I came
up with a triad of my own, and I would like
to ask you to get our federal television channels, including Channel
One, NTV and Rossiya, to hold a nationwide discussion
of what kind of country and society we are building, after all.
So, I suggest the following triad: nature, motherland
and the people. Its three component – nature, motherland
and the people – cannot exist without one another. And that
is why we now watch shows about who left whom and who cheated
on whom. That is, there is a kind of media lawlessness.
And if we raise the issue of all television shows …
Dmitry
Peskov: What is your question, please?
Sergey
Lisovsky: Yes, is it possible to create a television show
on strategically important issues related to Russia’s long-term
development?
Vladimir
Putin: It is always very interesting to speak with Andrei
Mikhalkov-Konchalovsky. He is very insightful. He has his own opinions, which
he is not afraid to express, whether you agree or not. He is not
a conformist, and he speaks his mind. He is an insightful
person.
I have
repeatedly discussed whether we have an idea for building
the state, the country – the foundation on which
to build. I believe that patriotism in the best sense
of the word, rather than the basest, simply has to be
the foundation for strengthening our state in the broadest
and noblest sense of this word.
As for our
many channels on television and online that probably are not worth
the air time they take up, you know, Daniil Granin (I believe that
I mentioned this some time ago) discussed the matter at our last
meeting.
We had
a long private conversation, and I never saw him again, he
passed away some time later. He said: “Look, you have to do something
about this.” I asked: “What are you talking about?” “We are all tired
of it,” he replied. “What do you mean?” I asked. “All
the television channels are telling us about people who stole money, how
much, how they did it. I am really sick and tired of it. Are
there really no happy and positive events in life here?” I said:
“Well, that is their programming choice.”
As I see
it, things are actually gradually changing for the better,
to some extent, the information is becoming more balanced perhaps,
although I don’t go online or watch television very often just
because I don’t have enough time.
I try
to keep an eye on the media environment,
and I get the impression that there has been some improvement.
But there would certainly be no harm in discussing what you have
suggested. I will need to speak with my colleagues.
They can
hear you now, and I hope that they will respond.
The Chicago
Tribune’s correspondent over there, you have the floor, please.
Rachel
Marsden: President Putin, Rachel Marsden with the Tribune Publishing
out of Chicago, United States.
Yesterday,
President Donald Trump announced the withdrawal of the American
troops from Syria. He also announced that, in his opinion, the United
States defeated ISIS in Syria, he made that very clear.
00
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
What is
your position with respect to his statements, both
on the withdrawal of the American troops from Syria
and also with his statement regarding the defeat of ISIS
by the United States?
And,
secondly, do you have concern that the American troops will remain
in some form? There has been much discussion, for example, around
the presence, potentially, of contractors in other jurisdictions
where the United States is either out of militarily or might
want to be out of militarily but in a more discreet way.
Thank you
very much.
Vladimir
Putin: As concerns the defeat of ISIS, overall I agree
with the President of the United States. I already said
that we achieved significant progress in the fight against terrorism
in that territory and delivered major strikes on ISIS
in Syria.
There is
a risk of these and similar groups migrating
to neighbouring regions and Afghanistan, to other countries,
to their home countries, and they are partly returning.
It is
a great danger for all of us, including Russia, the United
States, Europe, Asian countries, including Central Asia. We know that, we
understand the risk fully. Donald is right about that,
and I agree with him.
As concerns
the withdrawal of American troops, I do not know what that is.
The United States have been present in, say, Afghanistan, for how
long? Seventeen years, and every year they talk about withdrawing
the troops. But they are still there. This is my second point.
Third. So
far, we have not seen any evidence of their withdrawal but I suppose
it is possible, the more so because we are progressing towards
a political settlement. The current issue on the agenda is
building a constitutional committee.
By the way,
when we met in Istanbul – I mean Russia, Turkey, France
and Germany – we agreed to make every possible effort
to create this constitutional committee and Russia, for its
part, has done everything in its power for this to happen.
As strange
as it may seem, we fully agreed on the list of members with
President al-Assad, who designated 50 people and was involved
in selecting 50 more from civil society. Despite the fact that he is
not happy with everything, he agreed with this.
Turkey,
which represents the interests of the opposition, also agreed.
Iran agreed. We submitted the list to the UN and,
as Minister Lavrov reported to me just yesterday, unexpectedly,
prompted by our partners – Germany, France and the United
States – UN representatives (Mr de Mistura) decided to wait
and see.
I do
not understand what is going on there but at any rate, I want
to believe that this work is in its final stage. Maybe not
by the end of this year but in the beginning
of the next the list will be agreed and this will open
the next stage of the settlement, which will be political
settlement.
Is
the presence of American troops required there? I do not think
it is. However, let us not forget that their presence, the presence
of your troops, is illegitimate as it was not approved
by a UN Security Council resolution. The military contingent can
only be there under a resolution of the UN Security Council
or at the invitation of the legitimate Syrian
Government. Russian troops were invited by the Syrian Government.
The United States did not get either of these so if they decide
to withdraw their troops, it is the right decision.
There is
another very important component in this process. Despite all
the disagreements, our specialists, our military personnel, security
services and foreign ministries have established a rather
constructive dialogue to address acute issues in combating terrorism
in Syria. Overall, we are satisfied with our cooperation.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Remark: (From
the audience) You will not forget about Gazprom, will you?
Vladimir
Putin: How can I forget about Gazprom? Just a second.
Olga
Ivanova: Good afternoon. My name is Olga, I represent
the Selskaya Zhisn (Rural Life) newspaper. It marked its 100th anniversary
last March. You congratulated our editorial board, and we are very
thankful for that.
Here is
my question. Judging by the current statistics, the growth
rate of the agricultural sector has slowed down despite
the absence of competition because of the sanctions
and the terrific environment. How can you explain that? And does
that bother you?
And another
one: there are no national projects for agriculture, why is that?
Vladimir
Putin: As for national projects and agriculture, agriculture has
long been a national project in Russia. It receives state support
worth hundreds of billions of rubles, and it will keep receiving
it, both large and small farms, all segments of the sector.
As for the low
growth rate. Yes, it is true. Are we worried? No. And the environment
is far from being terrific, our agricultural producers work in difficult
conditions.
First,
there is still competition. Thank God, competition is developing inside
the country, and this is very important for the development
of this sector of the economy. There is also foreign
competition. Not all countries imposed sanctions, which means we did not take
counter-measures against them. We introduced such measures against the EU
countries, the US and other countries that imposed sanctions against
Russia at the instruction of the US. But the majority
of countries in the world did not, and there are many
of them. They supply us with their products and therefore there is
competition.
Speaking
of what is going on in agriculture, these are statistics
and they relate to grain production. As you know, last year we
had a record-breaking grain harvest of 135.5 million tonnes. This is
the main factor influencing the statistics. This year, due
to unfavourable weather conditions – and in 27 regions
a state of emergency was declared – the harvest was smaller:
110.5 million tonnes. Therefore, as compared to last year, there is
a decline. However, these 110 million tonnes rank third in terms
of production volume in the past 25 years. It is a very
good result. Combined with the reserves from last year, potential exports
grew to 52.5 million tonnes. We will fulfil all obligations
and contracts. So we are not worried at all.
In the agricultural
sector, there are areas where we need to act and maintain our
efforts. What are these areas? We need to improve our competitiveness,
and expand the infrastructure, in order to boost exports,
among other things. Incidentally, last year exports totalled 20 billion,
and this year they will reach 25 billion. There was a time when these
figures were hard to imagine. Russia exports 16 billion worth of arms,
while agricultural exports are at 25 billion. We will continue
to support agricultural and export infrastructure development; about
400 billion rubles will go toward these ends over the next few years. This
includes developing ports, roads and so forth, and supporting exports
with financial instruments. This is how we can enhance our competitiveness.
Of course, professional training, selection breeding, etc. are also
important. You know this better than I do.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Second, we
need to promote high value-added production, including meat and meat
processing.
For course,
we also need to address matters related to the social
development of rural areas. This programme will remain in place.
Artyom
Artemenko: Good afternoon, Artyom Artemenko, Crimea 24 television
network.
Vladimir
Putin: Good afternoon.
Artyom
Artemenko: Mr President, you recently said that the restrictions
Russia is facing from some countries have a direct bearing
on the people living in Crimea who voted for reunification
with Russia in 2014. Can you explain what you meant? How do we deal with
this? Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: I did say this, even though I can hardly recall where
I was at the time, but I can explain it. This is
an interesting situation. What we hear from the outside is that
Russia annexed Crimea. But what does annexation mean? It means a forcible
takeover. If this had been an annexation and a takeover
by force, the people in Crimea would have had nothing to do
with it and would not be to blame. But if they came out and voted,
this was not an annexation. So what is going on? After all, sanctions were
imposed against them, against you. What are these sanctions? Restriction
on mobility, restrictions on border crossings, visas, financial
transactions, insurance companies, marine infrastructure use
and the use of other facilities. These measures affect almost
everyone living there. They were the ones targeted by these
sanctions, and this is not just about singling out specific individuals
like the government leaders in the Republic of Crimea
and Sevastopol, but about targeting everyone. If they had had nothing
to do with it, if it had been annexation, why were the people
sanctioned? But if you were sanctioned for taking part
in a specific vote, then they would have to admit that it
actually took place. This is what this is about, and this is what
I meant.
Alexander
Yunashev: Good afternoon. Alexander Yunashev, Life online
publication.
Mr
President, there is a state programme for supporting positive content
in cinema and television, which is, in fact, funded with our
taxes. Are such support measures possible and necessary
for the Russian segment of the internet?
And the state
channels will not ask: when are you getting married? And to whom?
(Laughter.)
Vladimir
Putin: These are two completely different questions.
Are you
married?
Alexander
Yunashev: Yes, I am, and I have no regrets about it. I can
recommend it.
Vladimir
Putin: He is married, and wants me to be in the same boat.
(Laughter.) Well, all right. Let us assume that I answered your second
question, although as a gentleman I will probably have
to do so at some point. (Laughter.)
Now, with
regard to supporting the Russian segment of the internet.
Yes, it is the right thing to do, and we are already doing so.
We have grants, I am not sure about the exact amounts, but they are
measured in hundreds of millions of rubles. These grants are
related to content, and we are allocating, I believe, 144
billion rubles to this end. Overall, we officially allocate about 400
million rubles for this type of activity, so we are doing this
and will continue to do so.
Let us
continue with the Eurasian Women's Community. It is an important
follow-up to the question of marriage. Please go ahead.
Marina
Volynkina: Eurasian Women's Community, Marina Volynkina.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Mr
President, first of all, I would like to thank you
for attending the Second Eurasian Women's Forum. It was important
for the women of the world.
Vladimir
Putin: Thank you.
Marina
Volynkina: There was a panel dedicated to the media at that
forum. After we conducted this panel, 15 memorandums on peace were signed
by the participants about responsible media which joined our campaign
and which support the idea that information in the world
should be positive.
In this
regard, I have a question for you: how important is it
for you, as President, that all the journalists present here not
just tell the truth, but also do their job objectively
and responsibly, so that they act as a serious soft power,
and not just as a medium to resolve certain business
problems.
Today,
for us, women, it is very important, amid aggression
and tensions – and we are really afraid of war –
for the soft power to work. Is there soft power in Russia
and what is the role of responsible journalism?
Vladimir
Putin: You know, the truth is not in power …
Marina
Volynkina: The power is in the truth.
Vladimir
Putin: The power is in the truth, that’s right. This formula
includes what the media are all about. The power is
in the truth, and this is the only way that the media
can win the trust of millions of people.
Unfortunately,
let us face it – our life is very much commercialised just
as in the past in the Soviet era everything was
politicised, which undermines media credibility with many people.
People are
dividing everything they see or read by 100 or 1,000. Still, we
must strive for this. Clearly, we must strive to be as objective
as possible in matters that are vital for our country
and the rest of the world.
This is
important not just for me, but for all of us. I hope that
this trend is still there, and I think it will continue.
Let us
have the question about Afghanistan, as I promised.
Question: On December 6,
Russia refused to support a UN General Assembly resolution
on Afghanistan because of its disagreement with the position
of some Western countries.
Vladimir
Putin: Because of what?
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Remark: Because
of its disagreement with the position of some Western countries.
Vladimir
Putin: What was that resolution about? Can you remind me, please?
Remark: Western
countries.
They said
the situation in Afghanistan was good, while Russia believed that…
Vladimir
Putin: We believe that it is not good. What do you think about this?
Remark: I would
like to know what you think.
Vladimir
Putin: Do you want my opinion?
Question: At the same
time, the US is conducting separate talks with the Taliban.
In light of this, what will be the future
of the Moscow format of consultations on Afghanistan, which
were attended by delegates from 11 countries?
Vladimir
Putin: The Moscow format?
Remark: Yes.
Vladimir
Putin: To be honest, I do not recall the details
of that draft resolution. But I think you will agree with me,
and I am sure that the majority of those who live
in Afghanistan will agree with me.
I do
not know what our Western partners wanted to achieve with that resolution.
If they wanted to declare that everything is fine there, this has little
to do with reality.
What part
of the country does the Kabul government control officially? Not
more than one third, to be perfectly frank; do you agree? When elections
are held, it takes months to add up the results. Is this how it
should be? So what is there to approve of?
Talks are
underway with the Taliban. This is probably unavoidable. But we must
understand the subject of these talks and their possible
outcome. If there is a force that controls the bulk
of Afghanistan’s territory, its opinion must be taken into account, but
this should be done openly and publicly, so it is clear what we are
talking about.
I believe
that this is probably the essence of our Foreign Ministry’s position
at the talks. We are not against a settlement. Overall, we
believe that the problem can be settled exclusively through
an agreement between all parties to the political process
in Afghanistan.
Until
then, we will need to reinforce our military base in Tajikistan. We
believe that the people of Afghanistan will eventually reach
an agreement, and that all political forces and ethnic groups
will reach a consensus.
We will
facilitate this process as much as we can, including
by promoting economic cooperation with Afghanistan and by taking
part in various international projects, such
as the Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline [gas trunk line], TAPI.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, let’s give the floor to Andrei Kolesnikov.
Vladimir
Putin: You have not been called on for four years
in a row. How can this be? Go ahead. It is [Dmitry] Peskov’s fault.
We will punish him.
(Addressing
Andrei Kolesnikov.) Andrei, please, let the young lady speak first.
She has not been called on for four years in a row.
Remark: It
is seven years for us.
Anna
Vavilova-Dollezhal: Thank you very much for sparing me having
to wait another year.
After
the law on foreign agents was passed, there was an enormous
uproar over human rights being violated and so on.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: One of my colleagues – I will not give his
name – was asked during talks: “What is the situation with human
rights in your country?” [Allusion to a Soviet-era
joke.] He looked at his interlocutor and asked: “Who is
the human being you are talking about?” I would like to ask you:
who is the human being you are referring to?
Anna
Vavilova-Dollezhal: In our country this primarily applies
to legal entities, while Maria Butina was arrested in the United
States as a private individual. This law [on foreign agents] has
been in effect in the US since 1938. I would like
to ask you if it makes sense to borrow from the experience
of our Western partners here.
I have
another question that is very important to us. I represent Tsargrad
TV channel and we want to know what you think about
the situation developing around Orthodoxy globally, given recent sectarian
activities by the Patriarchate of Constantinople and Kiev.
Perhaps, everyone is now beginning to realise that the United States
is the main player here. So it turns out that religion is heavily
dominated by geopolitics. Is that the case?
Vladimir
Putin: Regarding the first part of your question, we have relied
on international experience when we passed the law on foreign
agents. This is not about bans. This law requires that any entity receiving
funding from abroad to carry out its public political activities must be
registered as a foreign agent. That is it. Incidentally, this type
of activity is banned in the United States and here you
have the result: under this law Butina was arrested and taken into
custody and might be sentenced to 12 years in prison. We do
nothing of the sort here. Our law only requires registration
for entities receiving funding from abroad. There is nothing here
to fear. Frankly speaking, I do not see any problems here,
as far as law enforcement is concerned. However, we, of course,
need to look into the matter.
When
I meet with human rights activists, they point out certain drawbacks
in this law, aspects actually related to charity rather than
politics. And I think they are right. We need to pay close
attention to what is happening in life and make adjustments
where necessary. This must not interfere with our normal life and must not
hinder the activity of honest and decent people who want
to solve problems, including with the support of like-minded
people abroad. There is nothing wrong with this. But political activity must,
of course, be prohibited. Well, not prohibited but at least subject
to law.
Second,
the Orthodox church. The situation with the Orthodox church
defies comprehension. This is direct interference of the state
in religious life. This has not happened since the Soviet Union. But,
unfortunately, it is happening in Ukraine now. They created this breakaway
church of the Istanbul curacy. They did not like the Moscow
curacy so let it be the Istanbul curacy.
Note that
the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchy was
completely independent. Perhaps few people know this but it was actually
a completely independent church. They did everything independently,
including the election of bishops. The only connection was
spiritual as they mentioned the name of Patriarch of Moscow
and All Russia during sermons. That was all. Now look at how
dependent they are becoming on Turkey, on the Turkish
Patriarchy. Many appointments and, most importantly, a lot of money.
I think this is Bartholomew’s main impelling motive, to bring this
territory into subjection and make money on it. I believe this
is the main underlying motive – except for a tip from
Washington, of course. The fact that the State Secretary called
Kiev about this matter and discussed it is an outrage. Absolutely
unacceptable. However, it is happening.
Of course,
this is another indication of the fact that the measure is also
related to the election campaign and is meant to further
widen the gap between Russian and Ukrainian people.
The rationale behind it is, without doubt, political, and it is not
good news for religious freedom in general. This is a clear
and flagrant violation of the freedom of religion.
I am mostly concerned about the likelihood that property redistribution
will follow. This is already happening. This redistribution could turn into
a heavy dispute, if not bloodshed, God forbid. I am sorry
for the people who are defending their interests. They are usually
helpless and unarmed. They are usually seniors and women. But there is,
of course, the risk of property redistribution.
Dmitry
Peskov: You promised a word to Kolesnikov, Mr President. We have been
on for two hours now.
Andrei
Kolesnikov: Good afternoon. Andrei Kolesnikov, Kommersant newspaper.
Mr
President, the French protests against the fuel hike have,
as everyone knows, morphed into a general protest against everything.
President Macron has had to impose emergency social and economic
measures. What is your take on the events in France? Are there
any plans to raise fuel prices in Russia? There has been much talk
about it recently. How likely do you believe it is that Russians would take
to the streets, and what should the Government prioritise
in that case? Its responsibility to protect the rights
of the protesters or the need to uphold the rule
of law?
Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: One does not exclude the other. Let’s begin with
the final part of your question. We certainly must ensure our
citizens’ freedom of expression, their right to voice their opinions
including by holding public events. But such events, including public
gatherings, must always remain legal. Activities that violate the law are
unacceptable, and warrant the government’s response.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Let’s now
turn to the events in France and to how they are seen
from our shores. I believe that of course they have to do with
the rise in fuel prices. But the hike was a trigger that
sparked the unrest involving a large part of French society,
and generally native French people. Recent data suggest that
a significant proportion of the French, over 7 percent, support
this. However, I do not believe it would be right to judge
the French authorities’ response to this.
What is
the difference between what we see in Russia
and the situation in France with regard to fuel prices
and the rest? The French Government was deliberate in its
decision to increase the price of petrochemicals and fuel,
which means that the Government did it. It was a policy move. This
initiative was intended to redistribute resources, in this case,
the resources of the population, and to use them
to address other matters related to the energy policy.
The funds that the Government expected to raise from gasoline,
diesel fuel and motor oil sales were to go towards developing
alternative energy sources such as solar energy, wind power, and so
on. This was a deliberate move. The people did not like it, because
they did not want to be the ones to pay for these changes.
What is
happening in Russia? Gasoline prices have been growing since mid-2018
as the price of oil went up on the global markets.
However, the Russian Government was prompt to take action
in order to contain and even lower prices,
and an agreement to this effect was reached with the main
oil companies and refineries. That is the difference: over there
the price hike was a conscious move, they were the ones who did
it, while the Russian Government is fighting to ensure that prices do
not go up.
Of course,
no one likes it when prices go up, but the fact that the Government
is acting this way is obvious. Whether it is for the better
or for worse is another question, but this is what is going on.
An agreement has been reached, and it covers a period until
March 2019. Yes, an adjustment is possible when VAT goes up in early
January, but I do not expect it to be substantial. This should be
an adjustment in the order of 1–1.5 percent, not more,
after which the Government will carefully monitor developments
on the Russian and international markets.
I can
share more details on this subject later on, but generally speaking this
worked, even if we had to micromanage the situation,
and I hope that it will also work in the future, so that
the Government will be able to prevent any sharp surges in fuel
prices next year.
Remark: (From
the audience)
Vladimir
Putin: What did you say? I cannot hear you.
Dmitry
Peskov: This is about the potential for protest in Russia.
Vladimir
Putin: I have already answered this question. I said that people
have the right to express their point of view
and to defend it, including in public, at rallies, but only
within the limits of the law.
Alexandra Tinyayeva: Alexandra Tinyayeva, Ryazansky
Krai TV company.
Mr
President, digital television is fast approaching, and our region will be
one of the first to get it. Analog television will be turned off
as soon as February 11.
In this
regard, the question is how do you assess the level
of preparedness of all the regions for the transition
to digital television? Will small towns and villages not be left out?
How
to ensure the interests of those for whom buying even
the cheapest console or any kind of equipment, for that
matter, is a major expense? Of course, digital television
of excellent quality and 20 free channels are a good thing. But
what about regional media?
I think
many colleagues will support me, because for us it means we should pack up
and grab the want ads, as we will not be able to survive
in analog television, and they will not let us into
the multiplex.
Vladimir
Putin: I am fully with you. My colleagues are aware of it.
I am not pretending, or making up anything. When I discussed
this matter with them, and when they insisted on moving ahead with
digital, I agreed with them, just as I agree with you now –
it improves the quality and the quantity of free channels.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Trust me,
just like you, almost word for word, I asked them this question: “Is
it possible that someone in a small village will be left without
television?” That is the question. They say no. So, we agreed that we
would proceed very carefully, in small steps.
Currently,
Tver is undergoing such an experiment, then you. So far, there have been
no complaints in Tver. The governor reported to me that he had
gone to almost every village and is on top of things. They
will help everyone in need of support in order to help them
switch to digital, including the small devices needed to receive
television of such quality. Then, another couple of regions,
on and on …
Truth be
told, there was a proposal to move fast and be done in six
months. I said, “No, we cannot do that. We must act very carefully
and monitor things on the ground and, of course, ensure
the interests of the people who cannot afford these consoles,
even though they are not expensive.” We will see how it goes in individual
regions and then take small steps along this path.
Sergei
Brilyov: Good afternoon, Mr President.
For understandable
reasons, when international politics are discussed at this news
conference, it is commonly about conflict, with the possible exception
of China.
Today, on December 20,
I wanted to mention a project I am working on with
my British colleagues. This unprecedented project is
on the history of cooperation between Soviet and British
secret services during the Great Patriotic War, and the story
of 36 Soviet agents that were sent to Nazi-occupied Europe. If you
allow me, I will send the materials to you through Mr Peskov.
In this
connection, I cannot help but ask you about the current status
of Russian-British relations. Let us start with the small things.
After the G20 summit, Dmitry Peskov told us that he did not know whether
you had met with Theresa May, but you did meet with her. What do you think
of these relations? And another interesting question: How,
in your opinion, will Brexit impact Russia? What if it does affect us?
Vladimir
Putin: Regarding these meetings, there are many meetings at events
like the G20; you cannot even list them all because everyone is busy,
and we meet, as they say, on the sidelines.
What does
“on the sidelines” mean? We get up, we are walking near each other,
you greet someone and say something to them. The Prime Minister
of the United Kingdom and I greeted each other
in about the same way and said a few words to each
other. In my opinion, Russian-British relations are
at an impasse, and it is in the interests of both
states to move beyond this impasse.
How will
Brexit impact us? The impact will be minimal, but it will affect
the entire European economy and the global economy,
as well. Therefore, it will affect us indirectly.
Are we interested
in restoring full relations with the United Kingdom or not? Yes,
we are interested; besides, in my opinion, the United Kingdom,
primarily its business community, is also interested in this.
We know
the British work in our country – fairly actively, I can
tell you. Flagships of the British economy like British Petroleum,
one of the key shareholders in our leading oil and gas
company, Rosneft, – they are working here, and continue to do
so, actively operating in our market, and they want to continue,
and not just them.
Now,
in connection with Brexit – if this eventually goes through
to the end, and, by the way, I understand
the position of the Prime Minister, she is fighting
for Brexit (let them decide this for themselves, this is none
of our business, or else they might accuse us of wrongdoing
again), but the referendum did take place. So what can she do?
She must
implement the will of the people as expressed
in the referendum, or that is no referendum at all. Some
didn’t like it – and the whole thing goes around
and around. Is this democracy? I wonder how the critics
of this process will assess the situation if and when some spit
on this Brexit deal and carry out all these events again until they
satisfy someone.
So what is
the point of holding a referendum and what is
the meaning of direct democracy? Well, anyway, this is their concern,
never mind. But, they are interested in our market, interested
in direct partnerships. We did not discuss this with the prime
minister, but we discussed it with our colleagues and friends; we have
many in Britain, especially among the businesspeople.
You know,
if you look at direct foreign investment, where has most
of the direct foreign investment come from this year? From
Britain – $22 billion. Germany is second, followed by Singapore. That
says something, right?
True, this
may be partly due to the repatriation of our capital, because
they have somewhat scared it off over there, but all the same, there is
huge interest in our agriculture (our export potential is enormous
and keeps growing), industrial production and the energy sector.
There are so many areas. And I hope that common sense will prevail.
What about
the skis over there? I find it interesting; it’s winter now.
Svetlana
Shaganova: Svetlana Shaganova, State Television and Radio
Broadcasting Company, Karachayevo-Circassia. I have one simple problem
for you: Putin plus skiing equals our region – Karachayevo-Circassia.
You are certainly faithful to judo and sambo, but we would be happy
if you visited our region, our new Arkhyz resort and enjoy the skiing
there. Will you find such an opportunity in your busy schedule?
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: I would very much like to do this. Either way,
I congratulate you on the development of tourism.
The republic is developing, these are competitive advantages
for the republic – developing resorts like this. I’m sure this
will develop further. If I can, I will come with pleasure. Thank you
very much.
Remark: Regarding
Gazprom, Mr President.
Vladimir
Putin: Ah yes, Gazprom. Yes, one more question now, please, and then
about Gazprom.
Goar
Botoyan: Thank you.
AZG Daily,
Armenia, Goar Botoyan. Thank you for letting me ask you a question
for the fourth time already.
Vladimir
Putin: I am listening.
Goar Botoyan: My question
is, how will Russia restore its policy towards Armenia after
the elections?
Vladimir
Putin: What do you mean, restore? We have nothing that collapsed
to the point of needing to be restored. Russia
and Armenia have smooth relations, this country is our strategic partner
in the region and the world in general; it is
a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation
and the Eurasian Economic Union. What is there to restore? We only
need to build on the foundation that has been created
by the previous generations of leaders. The Armenian people
are the closest ally of the Russian people
in Transcaucasia; that is the way it has been historically,
the way it is today and the way it, hopefully, always will be.
We need to proceed from the realities of the current
situation in the world and the region, proceed from
the needs and our capabilities. We will discuss this soon with Mr
Pashinyan, who is to pay us a visit next week.
Goar
Botoyan: Thank you very much.
Vladimir
Putin: What about Gazprom, what’s up? Why are you scaring us?
Viktor
Smirnov: Viktor Smirnov, 47news.ru, Leningrad Region. I will
explain why Gazprom has no more gas.
Vladimir
Putin: Do, please.
Viktor
Smirnov: A bit of an introduction first. As you know,
the Nord Stream pipeline passes through Leningrad Region; Nord Stream 2 is
underway as well. You are now launching the TurkStream project, it
all sounds good. But many Leningrad Region residents, who see these pipelines
pass through their territory, have not had any gas for many years. Just
recently, on December 7, Gazprom went ahead and said that it had
no gas for the new consumers residing on the territory
of the entire Karelian Isthmus.
Vladimir
Putin: The Karelian Isthmus, you say?
Viktor
Smirnov: The Karelian Isthmus, yes, two Leningrad Region districts
and a section of St Petersburg’s territory. They believe
the reconstruction of some compressor station for supplying
people with gas is unnecessary (either they do not have money to spare or have
already allocated it someplace else).
Similarly
(this is just for the record, though), a couple of years
ago, a pipe was stolen there – simply stolen. It cost a total
of 1.8 billion rubles. No criminal proceedings have been initiated since.
Vladimir
Putin: I do not understand. Did someone dig it out and drag it
away, or what?
Viktor
Smirnov: No, it was not installed, but the paperwork was all
in place. So it kind of exists, but kind of does not.
Vladimir
Putin: You mean, the money was allocated, but no pipe was laid?
Viktor
Smirnov: Right. No criminal proceedings were initiated either.
Vladimir
Putin: Where did this take place?
Viktor
Smirnov: Priozersky District. You have been there before, you have seen
it.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: I have indeed.
Viktor
Smirnov: On top of this, the deadlines for connecting
the Leningrad Region users to gas grids are often missed, but
in the gas monopoly they use the beautiful words “postponement
and synchronisation,” annual. That is, the deadlines are missed,
and missed, and missed again, but this is synchronisation.
And the fourth
point I would like to mention. With all the problems
in the gas monopoly and the problems
of the residents who also suffer from these problems (some have had
no access to gas since 2009), despite all this, the children
of the board members, the specific individuals we wrote about,
have no qualms about taking top management positions in subsidiaries.
And they have no qualms about posting photos of luxury cars
on the internet, and flying in business jets to watch
football in Italy. How is that for national wealth, Mr President?
Aren’t they going too far?
Vladimir
Putin: Well, it always helps to keep track of expenses,
on superjet flights, to look what they actually did there,
and what kind of football they watched. After all, Gazprom, among
other things, sponsors foreign football clubs, like FC Schalke 04
in Germany. But why does it sponsor them? Because it does a lot
of work there, in Germany, and in Italy too. These contacts
need to be maintained. As long as it is within
in the bounds of common sense, all is well, and we must
always watch this very carefully. So you are right to pay attention
to this. I will also look what they fly on and where.
As for domestic
gas supply, it is growing. True, our sales on the foreign market are
growing also. This year, exports will top 200 billion cubic metres – this
is a very good result, a historic high. This is what Russia needs,
not Gazprom, it is what our national economy and the federal budget
need, because the bulk of Gazprom’s revenues, which then flow into
the budget, come from exports, as it should be.
As for internal
issues and decisions on connection, I repeat once again, things
are moving forward. It is not only about Gazprom, Gazprom lays
the pipelines to populated areas, and then there is further
distribution, and the so-called last mile, so this problem should be
resolved with the help of the region.
Viktor
Smirnov: Well, the region has built it.
Vladimir
Putin: Built it?
Viktor
Smirnov: Yes.
Vladimir
Putin: Well, I will check it out. I do not know, I will check
and see.
Of course,
Gazprom is driven by considerations of economic feasibility, but
in addition to economic feasibility, there are social issues,
of course, including the provision of gas to households
in a given area.
I will
see how it is built. You know, in any case, very often there is
a discrepancy between the statements of local authorities
and the reality. I will definitely pay attention to this.
Priozersky District is what I heard. Priozersky, right?
Viktor
Smirnov: Part of Priozersky, part of Vyborg, and part of St
Petersburg.
Vladimir
Putin: Ok.
Viktor
Smirnov: Gazprom says that their station is not ready.
Vladimir
Putin: I assure you, I will definitely look into this
and respond.
Everything
is not smooth sailing with us, but things are more or less stable. Here
is Novaya Gazeta, I am sure they will come up with something. Please
go ahead.
Ilya
Azar: Good afternoon.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: Good afternoon.
Ilya
Azar: My colleagues and friends Alexander Rastorguyev, Orkhan
Dzhemal and Kirill Radchenko died in the Central African
Republic this year.
Vladimir
Putin: This is a major tragedy, I agree.
Ilya
Azar: What do you know about the circumstances of their death
and, in particular, the possible involvement of private military
company Wagner in this?
Secondly,
do you think it is right that a businessman whom everyone calls your chef,
Yevgeny Prigozhin, is believed to be involved in managing
PMC Wagner?
In general,
what do you think about private military companies? One gets
the impression that you are somewhat embarrassed by or deny
their existence. Perhaps, we should be proud of them, because they operate
in Syria, Donbass, Central Africa and other countries.
And another
short question. As you are aware, human rights activist Lev Ponomaryov,
a 77-year-old man, was arrested and jailed for 15 days
for a post on Facebook. What do you as a human being
think about this? Is that a normal thing to do?
Vladimir
Putin: Let us start with Wagner and chefs.
All
my chefs are employed by the Federal Guard Service. They are
servicemen holding different ranks. I have no other chefs.
This
matter should be made clear once and for all so that we do not have
to return to it in the future. If someone wants
to label someone, they are free to do so, and there is nothing
wrong with that. This is part of politicking in our country. There is
even such a thing as “safe food.” For your information, we do
not outsource this job, and the Federal Guard Service employees do
all the work.
Now,
on to Wagner and what these people are doing. Everything
must remain within the law, everything. We can ban private security firms
altogether, but once we do so, I think you will be flooded with petitions
demanding to protect this section of the labour market. Almost
a million people are employed there. If this Wagner group breaks
any laws, the General Prosecutor’s Office will go ahead and give it
a legal assessment.
Now, about
their presence in foreign countries. To reiterate, if they comply
with Russian laws, they have every right to work and promote their
business interests anywhere in the world.
Finally,
the tragedy that you mentioned. It was certainly a tragedy. These
people died and left behind families and friends. In general,
unfortunately, a lot of tragedies are connected with journalists.
I think we should never forget them, including the journalists who
died in southeastern Ukraine under fire, or were killed in gun
attacks, practically assassinated. Please do not forget about them, either.
As far
as I know, your colleagues travelled to Africa as tourists,
not even as journalists, without notifying local authorities. According
to the data available to date, some local groups are behind this
attack.
As far
as I understand, an investigation is underway. Unfortunately,
there is no reliable information yet, but we strongly hope that it will be
eventually obtained. We are on top of this situation through our
diplomatic channels. I hope that at least at some point we will
find out what happened there. My heart goes out to you, to all
members of the editorial board and the families
of the people who died there.
Sergei
Milvit: Vladivostok!
Vladimir
Putin: Okay, let us hear from Vladivostok. It is louder than the others…
Sergei
Milvit: Good afternoon, Mr President. Thank you very much for giving
me the floor.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
I would
like to thank you from the bottom of my heart
and on behalf of all residents of Vladivostok for your
decision to make it the capital of the Far Eastern Federal
District. Thank you very much.
At the last
news conference I asked you questions about ecology, a waste
incineration plant, Snegovaya Pad and forest clearance. Thank you very
much for the closure of the waste incineration plant.
I hope it will not be reopened.
The only
problem is that there are some companies that would like to handle
separated garbage but for some reason the regional operator does not
allow it because it is leased and a land plot cannot be subleased
and so on.
Recently
we had elections and as you know of course, the pension
reform was the main reason for protests. This is why
the elections were drawn out, this was the main reason.
I would
like to continue talking about environmental protection
and the sports complex that has not been finished and house
equity holders that have been cheated – their residential houses have not
been finished. Dalkhimprom-Karyernaya is where our marines are deployed. There
is also school #55 that was closed and now children have to go
to faraway schools.
And one
more thing. The lands of the forest fund are government property
like the strategic Primvodokanal facility. What is happening currently?
To this day forests have not undergone cadastral registration. They are
being cut down and cottages are being built – nothing has changed.
Lakes
and water reservoirs at Primvodokanal that should be government
property are now privately owned. I would like to ask you
to clear up this question.
Remark:
Question!
Sergei
Milvit: Ok. Excuse me please. We will move on to the next issue.
If you could comment briefly on the pension reform.
It seems
to me that you were likely deceived about the pension reform.
I will explain why. It appears that the pension deficit for 2018
amounts to 257 billion, right?
And when
there was some popular unrest, they decided to give them another 500
billion so as to provide some benefits. Don’t you think that it is
worth paying attention to this and maybe it is better to cancel
the pension reform?
We are
spending a lot of money. We have a deficit but are still
spending so much. I think generally I have said everything
I wanted about the pension reform.
Wait
a minute. I would like to say happy New Year to Mr
President and wish him strength, every success and all the best.
And, sorry
guys, I would like to make one last point. Mr Peskov said that there
was some information and I would like to share it.
Instead
of all the requests that journalists want me to make,
I will speak about the most important issue.
Mr
President, please help. Vladislav Shestakov has been sick for three years.
He is from the Irkutsk Region, the city of Cheremkhovo. He
simply needs to be transferred to Moscow.
People
have raised money. Please help us resolve this problem. And please answer
the questions that I asked.
Please
take measures to return the forest fund to the state
and lakes to Primvodokanal.
Vladimir
Putin: Let us begin with the most sensitive issue.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
I apologise
to Novaya Gazeta – you asked me about Lev Ponomaryov. We discussed
this issue at a meeting with human rights activists
at a Council meeting. It is not because I want to dodge
the question, I just skipped over it inadvertently.
With
regard to Ponomaryov, the court ruled based on calls
for an unauthorised rally. I do not want to question court
decisions or the fairness of this particular ruling.
Now,
regarding the sensitive issue of the pension reform.
In the early and mid-2000s, and you are aware
of my position, I said that I was strongly against raising
the retirement age, and it was impossible to do so back then.
I still
believe this was the correct position, because life expectancy was
at a low of 65, and the number of workers
(the workers/non-workers ratio) was different and more or less
acceptable.
Now,
things have changed dramatically. The point is not about the current
shortages. The fact is that trends are such that the number
of workers is declining, while the number of non-working
pensioners is on the rise.
You are
right, we can leave this issue unaddressed, and I said so
in my remarks. We can forget about it for the next five
to seven years; however, then the country will have to do it no
matter what, but it will have to be done abruptly, without
a transition period, or any easing of terms, including
for women.
We will
then have to act quickly, that is the problem. If I did not see
these trends, I would have never allowed this to happen, but these
are objective trends that cannot be ignored.
You know,
I was well aware of how people would react. No matter what arguments
one can come up with, when a particular person’s interests are
at stake, no one is delighted with the prospect. I was well
aware that criticism would be coming both from the right
and the left.
We know
what was done by the left. In their time, they dismantled
the Soviet Union with their economic policy, and later,
in the 1990s, almost destroyed Russia. We would not be living
in the Russian Federation now. Instead, we would be left with
Moscovia, or something like it. We managed to keep the situation
in check. Moreover, the country is getting stronger and better.
This is
an unpleasant and, clearly, not a fun thing to do, but it has
to be done nonetheless. To reiterate, if I was not convinced
that it would have to be done some time down the road, I would
have never allowed it to happen.
Now,
regarding the specific questions that you asked, including forest
reserves, the school and the sports complex. This, as you
understand, requires separate consideration, as these are separate issues.
I promise
that I will definitely look into them. I hope that Oleg Kozhemyako
will do so as well. I am sure he can hear me now. I want him
to submit the corresponding information to me and report
accordingly.
Regarding
the transfer of the administrative centre to Vladivostok,
[Presidential Envoy to the Far Eastern Federal District] Trutnev
raised this issue a very long time ago. Vladivostok is doing very well
and is really the centre of the region and,
to a certain extent, a centre of gravity, I mean with
regard to neighbouring countries, so I think this is
a well-grounded decision.
Sergei
Milvit: More about the child…
Vladimir
Putin: Where is the boy now?
Sergei
Milvit: The town of Cheremkhovo, Irkutsk Region.
Vladimir
Putin: What is wrong with him?
Sergei
Milvit: He is ill.
Vladimir
Putin: All right, we will definitely help him.
Dmitry
Peskov: Our colleagues will take your contact information.
Vladimir
Putin: Please go ahead.
Anastasia
Melnikova: Good afternoon, my name is Anastasia Melnikova, Znak.com.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Mr
President, torture at some prisons, pre-trial detention facilities
and special penitentiaries has been reported with frightening regularity
lately.
I am
now talking about the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg and Saratov
regions, Khakassia and the Trans-Baikal Territory. Then last summer,
thanks to our colleagues at Novaya Gazeta, we learned about atrocious
torture at the Yaroslavl prison.
At the same
time we hear the story of serial killer Vyacheslav Tsepovyaz, who,
while being held at a high-security prison, was allowed
the pleasure of eating crab, caviar and the like.
Don’t you
think the Federal Penitentiary Service desperately needs reforming –
and this needs to be done right now? Since I am clearly not
the first to alert you to this problem, can you tell us what is
being done and who will be given this responsibility?
When will
prisons in Russia stop being a place for recreation
for some people and a place where other people are subject
to medieval torture? Because this is really too much, I mean
the things that are now happening at federal penitentiaries. This is
really too much even for our country.
Vladimir
Putin: The situation at the prisons must constantly be
overseen by the prosecutor’s offices, first of all. Clearly,
the incidents that are being reported are absolutely unacceptable.
Any
violation of the law, to say nothing of torture, is
a crime. Those who violate the law, who commit these crimes must be
held responsible. Incidentally, this is what happens when these kinds
of stories come to light, in part, thanks
to the media.
But it
would also be incorrect to say that we need to destroy the whole
system. We should improve the system and bring public oversight
to a new level – I completely agree with this.
In connection
with this, I would like to remind you that we have established
commissions that must work on this and which will receive support
from the Government and the President. I expect them
to play a positive role in resolving the problems that
the system definitely has.
Rustam
Falyakhov: Gazeta.Ru, I am Rustam Falyakhov, good afternoon.
Mr
President, when you opened the press conference, you summed up
macroeconomic results and it seems we are living increasingly better. Paris
residents might just be very jealous if we believe the statistics.
Vladimir
Putin: Native residents of Paris are moving to the suburbs
for a number of reasons. This is why a hike in petrol
prices caused such discontent, many native Parisians moved to the suburbs
and higher petrol prices are very hard on their budgets. But this is
a different issue.
Let us
speak about housing construction.
Go ahead,
please.
Rustam
Falyahov: I have a question about the accuracy
of statistics, the accuracy of the information used
to measure the standard of living in Russia. If we believe
the Government reports, incomes are growing, you also gave the number
of half a percent.
Incomes
are rising whereas prices are falling. When Russians see price tags
on goods and services, they understand that government officials are
just playing loose with the numbers. I am speaking about
the statistics from the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry
of Economic Development, the Finance Ministry and others.
Experts
are also bewildered as their numbers and their data do not conform
to official statistical data, and apparently, desperate experts are
already proposing to introduce a somewhat exotic happiness index,
which would take into account the voice of the Russians.
My question
is very simple – is it time to fine-tune official statistics?
Otherwise, the May Executive Order will be fulfilled easily whereas
the happiness index will stand at zero.
Vladimir
Putin: I understand and partly share your concern, but only
partly in the sense that it should be explained to people where
the numbers come from and what they mean, and how they should be
taken.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Because
when pure numbers are presented and it is said that life has become better
and happier whereas people see, as you say, real prices
in the shops going up, it causes bewilderment and mistrust
of the statistics. They are not perfect, by the way. If we
can, if we do not get tired of talking for such a long tome, we
can revisit the issue.
The statistics
are not ideal but the point is not so much their quality, which needs
perfecting, the point is also that people should be told that those are
average figures.
We are
talking about living standards. We are talking about salaries. I said that
in the first ten months there was a 7.4 percent increase,
and that by the end of the year it will be 6.9
percent. But people will see this and say, “I have had no such
increase.”
This is
an average. It concerns certain sectors and certain regions.
Somewhere there is an increase in a certain sector,
for example, for oil workers or steel workers.
And in some cases, there is no increase. These are average figures.
That’s the point.
Among
the most important indicators are the disposable income
of the population and retail sales numbers. This more
or less conforms with the real state of affairs. And what
is this like?
In 2015,
we had an over-2-percent drop in the real disposable income
of the population, in 2016 – minus 5.8,
and in 2017 – 1.2, but also on the minus side. This is
the disposable income of the population.
Incidentally,
analysts certainly understand what I am talking about. But
for the majority of people it’s unclear. Let me explain what it
means and how these figures are calculated, it will take 30 seconds.
It is
fairly easy to calculate people's expenses: how and where they spend
money and how much. In other words, if people spent money, they had
it. Added to this are bank deposits and cash savings. This is,
on the whole, a calculable sum, because it is more or less
clear how much money people keep in banks. The Central Bank, which
regulates the money supply, is aware of the total amount: how
much is kept in banks, how much is in the hands
of consumers. Cash savings in foreign currencies are harder
to calculate. But this is basically clear. Then the taxes paid
by an individual (personal income tax, or property tax if there
is any property) are deducted, and then the figures are adjusted
for inflation.
These are
the disposable incomes of the population. Again, they had been falling
in our country in these years. And only now,
by the end of this year, we may have a 0.1-percent
increase, but only if we do not take into account the lump-sum payments
of 5,000 rubles to pensioners at the end of 2017.
So,
the trend is generally positive, and it is backed up by other
data. What data? Sales volumes – sales are picking up. Despite some
problems in the auto industry itself, car sales have grown 27
percent.
As I said,
the production of clothing and footwear has increased, food
production is up 13 percent compared with the previous increase of 9
percent.
The volume
of international air transportation has surged 46 percent, while domestic
air travel has grown by more than 20 percent. These are all signs
of growing consumer purchasing power. It is gradual and cautious, but
it has been recovering.
It seems
to me that if we explain this to people in normal human language
and show it as a whole, it will become clearer where we are
and where we are going. But this system undoubtedly needs to be improved,
I completely agree with you.
It is
difficult for me to decide… The one with the Russian
flag – by all means.
Yelena
Yeskina: Thank you very much Mr President, first of all from
the cameramen because it appears that my flag was in their way.
But do not worry, the flag was the longest but my question will
be brief. My name is Yelena.
Vladimir
Putin: The Russian flag cannot be in anybody’s way.
Yelena
Yeskina: You see, camera operators. So, my name is Yelena Yeskina,
and I am a journalist of the Dagestan State Television
And Radio Broadcasting Company.
We live
in a multi-ethnic country and this is wonderful, is it not?
Vladimir
Putin: It is very good.
Yelena
Yeskina: Here is my brief question. I will just add
a little. I am indeed lucky because I live in a multi-ethnic
country…
Vladimir
Putin: Please say a few words about yourself. Go ahead please.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Yelena
Yeskina: …in the multi-ethnic republic of Dagestan
and plus in a multi-ethnic family. I am Russian
and my husband is Avar, so our children do not really look Slavic.
Vladimir
Putin: You yourself look like an Avar.
Yelena
Yeskina: Really?
Vladimir
Putin: Yes, a bit.
Yelena
Yeskina: Must be all the years of living in Dagestan.
Vladimir
Putin: Indeed. (Laughter)
Yelena
Yeskina: After I had children, I started paying attention
to what they show on Russian television. Very often, if not always,
they show in ads beautiful children – so fair, with light hair, light
eyes, big blue eyes.
And I started
wondering where the other types, for instance Mongoloids, were. After
all, Russia is multi-ethnic; we have about 200 ethnic groups. Let us take
a regiment, the main regiment of the country–
the Kremlin regiment and the guys there look Slavic. There is
an unspoken requirement that Slavic guys should form this regiment. Do you
not think so?
Vladimir
Putin: No, I do not.
Yelena
Yeskina: You do not. Then it just seemed so to me. Okay, Then
I will just ask you…
Vladimir
Putin: It just seems like that to you.
Yelena
Yeskina: Probably it does, I apologise.
I have
a request for you. This has nothing to do with seeming,
and it is a big request. Please look into the investigation
of the Gasanguseinov brothers’ case.
Two
teenagers were shot in Shamil District in 2016. It turned out later that
they were not militants and were not involved in illegal armed units.
Now
the case has been reclassified and is being investigated under
Article 105 Murderwhere the father is considered the injured
party. This case has been transferred to Moscow but has not been brought
to a close.
I would
like to ask you to personally oversee the investigation
of the case of the murder of the Gasanguseinov
brothers and please rehabilitate them officially as soon
as possible. I just feel so sorry for their parents.
Vladimir
Putin: I must give corresponding instructions to Mr Bastrykin
[Chairman of the Investigative Committee]. Consider it done. He will
take control and report to me on what is happening there.
To be
honest, this is the first I have heard of it, but I promise
you that I will give it the attention it deserves and Alexander
Bastrykin will receive corresponding instructions.
Turkey…
Please pass the microphone.
Fuad
Safarov: Fuad Safarov, journalist and analyst on Turkey, RiA
Vesti (Russia and Azerbaijan Vesti) news website.
Mr
President,
Recently,
Turkey marked the anniversary [of the death]
of the founder of the Turkish Republic Mustafa Kemal
Ataturk. I would like to know what you think of Ataturk
as a person and his historic role in global policy. Looking
back at Ataturk, how will you assess today’s progress in relations
between Russia and Turkey?
Vladimir
Putin: Ataturk is certainly an outstanding figure in Turkish
history. He made an extraordinary contribution to the efforts
to preserve and restore Turkey as a state, he did quite
a lot to achieve this.
He was
a great friend of Russia, we know this, and he cooperated with
Russia, worked with it and we appreciate his input very much.
Ataturk
created modern Turkey, having laid the foundation for the state.
This is what I think of him.
As for the status
of our relations today, I think we should be satisfied with
the progress in the development of ties between Russia
and Turkey in the economy and on security issues. Although
our interests have not always coincided on some matters, we have managed
to make compromise decisions on how to resolve the Syria
crisis.
We respect
the national interests of the Turkish Republic
and the Turkish people in this area, and we see that our
Turkish partners are willing to compromise and so together we make
these compromise decisions to secure the development
of a favourable situation in Syria
and for the sake of fighting terrorism
and strengthening our relations.
As for the economy,
you can see yourself that our ties are growing stronger. Despite Turkey being
a NATO member country, it delivers on its commitments, as far
as we can see. At the same time, being a NATO member it is
pursuing an independent foreign policy.
We
appreciate this, as it creates conditions for maintaining predictable
and healthy relations. Of course, in this sense, the role
of the incumbent Turkish President is great. Hopefully, this trend
will continue under the leadership of Mr Erdogan.
Dmitry
Peskov: The CIS TV and radio company MIR, if you please.
Vladimir
Putin: The next one will be for equity holders, okay?
Elina
Dashkuyeva: Hello, Mr President. Elina Dashkuyeva, MIR.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
You said
at the Russia Calling! forum that the dollar is leaving
Russia. First of all, what advantages and disadvantages can we expect
from this? What currency will the Eurasian Economic Union countries now
use to pay each other – will they adopt an interstate currency
or use new digital technologies such as blockchain?
Vladimir
Putin: A very important and interesting question. About
dollarisation and weaning the economy off the dollar, including
the Russian economy.
In general,
according to the IMF, payments in dollars have slightly
decreased around the world. The year before last, they were
a little over 63 percent I think, and now slightly over 62. But
for Russia, this figure is higher, 69 percent.
This is
due to the fact that our main export products, primarily oil, are
listed on world exchanges in dollars, and this is a large
amount.
Our
foreign exchange reserves in dollars are declining; only recently, we were
holders of American securities quoted in dollars
in the amount of $104 billion, now down to $14.4 billion.
Payments in yen and pounds have slightly grown in world trade.
As for weaning
Russia off the dollar, it will exclusively concern settlements between
economic entities, but will in no way affect citizens.
When we
were discussing today's news conference yesterday, Mr Peskov told me that they
are removing exchange rate ads in some cities, including Moscow,
and people are wondering about the reason behind this, whether this
may be connected with some restrictions on using dollars.
There is
nothing of the kind, and it will not happen, I would like
to reassure everyone. Advertising exchange rates on currency exchange
offices is only connected with one thing: the fight against illegal money
exchange businesses. This is about streamlining the sphere
of finance, money circulation, and cracking down on grey
businesses operating in this area, nothing more.
Regarding
the ruble. Yes, use of the ruble as a reserve currency
in transactions is growing, maybe not a lot, but it is growing,
primarily in transactions between the EAEU countries
and in the post-Soviet space.
For example,
use of the ruble has grown significantly in transactions between
Russia and Belarus, reaching, if I’m correct, over 60 percent, almost 70
percent in clearing transactions while the numbers in cash
settlements are smaller. But the role of the ruble will
certainly increase in this segment, that’s obvious.
It’s more
reliable and does not involve extra costs, especially the costs
associated with dollar transactions. Because you and I know perfectly
well: wherever clearing operations are made, they all go through US banks.
And if
there are restrictions, it makes you want to sidestep these restrictions
which is a natural reaction. This is happening around the world,
by the way, in view of instability with these transactions.
However,
several issues must be resolved for the ruble to be used
at least as a regional currency. First, cutting volatility.
The exchange rate must be stable, and we have generally managed
to maintain it recently.
This is
related to the activities of the Central Bank
and the Government of the Russian Federation. As you
have seen, it is stable; it has somewhat lost its dependency on fuel
and oil price fluctuations partly due to the introduction
of a floating exchange rate for the ruble.
This is
the first goal. But we have to ensure further stability and keep
inflation low. This is an extremely important condition.
Then comes
the next step – we have to develop the financial
infrastructure for transactions in the ruble. It is clear what
this means. We need to improve the settlement mechanisms between
economic parties and financial institutions. We will be working
on this.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr Putin, perhaps you will take a question from foreign
media. I can see The Wall Street Journal here.
Ann Maria
Simmons: Good afternoon, Mr President. Thank you very much
for the opportunity to ask you a question.
In the West,
many politicians, experts and even ordinary people see Russia
as a great threat. They even think that you,
as the President of Russia, want to rule the world.
Vladimir
Putin: Well, of course.
Ann Maria
Simmons: I want to know if you really want this. Also, please,
what is the real goal of your foreign policy? Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: With regard to ruling the world, we know where
the headquarters that is trying to do so is located, and it is
not in Moscow. However, this is related to the leading role
of the United States in the global economy and defence
spending: the United States is spending over $700 billion on defence,
while we spend only $46 billion.
Just think
of it, we have 146 million people in Russia, whereas the NATO
countries’ population is 600 million, and you think our goal is
to rule the world? This is a cliché imposed on public
opinion in Western countries in order to resolve intra-bloc
and domestic political issues.
When
I say intra-bloc, I mean that in order for NATO
to rally countries around itself, it needs an external threat. It
does not work otherwise. You have to have someone to rally against.
As a major nuclear power, Russia fits the bill perfectly.
With
regard to domestic political issues, unfortunately, Russophobia continues
to flourish in many countries, especially in Eastern Europe.
For what purpose? In order to use old historical fears
to ensure their own domestic political well-being.
This is
also harmful, because, ultimately, it is about exploiting the phobias
of the past, which prevent us from moving forward. It is harmful
for the countries and peoples whose leaders are trying
to pursue such a policy.
In fact,
the main goal of our foreign policy is to provide favourable
conditions for the Russian Federation, its economy and social
sphere, to ensure unfettered movement forward and to strengthen
our country from the inside, above all, so that it can take its rightful
place in the international arena as an equal among equals.
We are
in favour of consolidating the system of international law,
ensuring unconditional compliance with the UN Charter, and using this
platform to develop equal relations with all the participants
of international affairs.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, you promised to talk about housing equity
holders. Who wanted to ask about this?
Vladimir
Putin: Yes, please. This is an important question.
Alla
Andreyeva: Good afternoon, Mr President! Alla Andreyeva, Ryazanskaya
Oblastnaya Gazeta newspaper. Mr President, thank you very much for giving
me the floor.
Vladimir
Putin: You are welcome.
Alla
Andreyeva: I am speaking on behalf of St Petersburg.
Vladimir
Putin: St Petersburg?
Alla
Andreyeva: Like you, I am from St Petersburg.
Vladimir
Putin: St Petersburg again. A Ryazan newspaper from St Petersburg. St
Petersburg is everywhere.
Alla
Andreyeva: We both work in different places than where we were born.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: Totally different.
Alla
Andreyeva: Mr President, I have a very big request for you:
can you please pay more attention to housing equity holders that have been
cheated: in St Petersburg, the Leningrad Region and all across
Russia.
What is
happening now? Unfinished buildings that do not comply with building equity
contracts are being commissioned in St Petersburg just to report
to Moscow that everything is fine. You see, during your Direct Line
on June 15, 2017, Albin and Minenko, a federal inspector,
stood in front of my house, which had not been finished;
construction was ongoing, but they officially declared the building
commissioned, thus committing a criminal offence. But, you see, activists
like me are being bullied for taking this position. They are trying
to open a criminal case against me, because I am trying
to write the truth about the officials.
My husband
was killed on October 6, 2015. The investigation has not made
any progress. Over the first 18 months they have made my life
a nightmare, as well as the lives of my family,
because someone leaked information to mass media. My mother passed
away when she heard about this from a television report. Can you see what
is happening in St Petersburg? My car was burned before that. All
of this is happening in our hometown, our St Petersburg. Please,
I am begging you to look into this case, to look into housing
equity holders not only in St Petersburg, but in the Leningrad
Region and everywhere in Russia.
I do
not know. Let us, together with you… We are just like you, we do not bite. Come
to St Petersburg and meet our activists. We will tell you
the truth. We will tell you everything as it is, without these fake
reports and road maps, without these useless scraps of paper
published by these officials on their websites all over
the country. I communicate with equity holders practically from all
regions. We have a large group of activists. I have
a pressing request. This is not even a question but a cry
for help: please help the cheated equity holders and on the investigation
of my husband’s case.
Vladimir
Putin: Do you think your husband’s murder was related to your
activities to protect the interests of equity holders?
Alla
Andreyeva: Yes, this is the only connection I can see.
Vladimir
Putin: Is that so? I promise you to pay attention to this
by all means. Do not have any doubts about this. This is the first
thing I will say.
The second
is about the problem you raised, it is very urgent indeed. This gives me
an opportunity to speak in greater detail about the problem
and the construction industry. You know, this will never end if we do
not sort out the mess and switch to civilised ways
of housing construction. Indeed, the real estate industry is faced
with the task of building 120 million square metres of housing
but we must stop the practice of attracting people’s money
and irresponsibly spending it.
This is
what happens: yes, we keep the cost of housing relatively low but
at the expense of what? Because some people acquire this housing
at relatively low prices. In particular, this is also done
at the expense of the people whose money is taken but who
do not receive anything – either money or housing. This is
the root of the problem and all evil. So we must certainly
switch to civilised ways of funding this industry even if this leads
to a certain reduction in the construction sector
and some increase in prices. But without this we will never be able
to put things in order there.
We must
switch to bank financing, to normal and civilised loans
or else this will never end. The people who found themselves in a difficult
situation because they paid the money but received no housing must
certainly be helped. We should not shut our eyes to the scale
of this problem. It is clear and I agree with you that even
the figures that are now shown, the figures on cheated equity
holders and their personal problems do not click with reality.
In fact, the problem is even more urgent than these documents show.
As for the situation
you described in your question, I do not know these buildings
of course, but we will see. I will also talk to the Acting
Governor of this region, Mr Beglov. He is a very experienced man
and can figure this out. I hope the situation will improve.
In any case, be sure that this will be a subject of my conversation
with him. The first thing that will happen is that he will meet with you.
Colleagues,
listen to me. If we want to go on a little longer, we must
not turn our press conference into an unauthorised rally. OK? Let us not.
So I ask you to calm down.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, let me authorise: Marina Kim, The Great Game.
Vladimir
Putin: Yes, please.
Marina
Kim: Good afternoon, Channel One.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Thank you
very much for the opportunity to ask questions.
By the way, regarding the question of whether there are non-Slavic
faces on Russian TV, well, there are and Channel One shows me live
on a daily basis.
Our
question is: The Great Game show is about Russia-US relations. We would
like to know if a meeting with Mr Trump is possible after he
cancelled it himself, for example, in the immediate future. Are
you ready for one?
And to quote
Kipling, the 19th century, who said the Great Game is
finished when everyone is dead. And it was a standoff
of the Anglo-Saxon world.
Vladimir
Putin: That’s great! “Would you like to meet?” “Will there be
a meeting?” “Everyone will die.”
Marina
Kim: I will explain. There was a standoff between
the Anglo-Saxon world and the Russian world in the 19th century.
Have the rules changed now or is it the same game? Thank you
very much.
Vladimir Putin: Unfortunately,
we see that many birthmarks of the past, as Karl Marx used
to say, are still there, but I hope that some things will somehow be
made right. Ultimately we will reach the bottom in our relations and will
understand that we have to go up, to push off from that bottom, go
up, take a lungful of fresh air and with a clear head start
thinking how to proceed.
I do
not know if we have a meeting or not, I said a number
of times that we are ready. We believe there are issues that we have
to discuss together. Work at the expert level on Syria,
for example, is ongoing. We also have to speak about North Korea,
and Afghanistan, a great many other situations
in the world.
After all,
we need to talk about bilateral relations; we are interested in this,
as well as our American partners are, by the way.
Of course, there is no super-global interest. Our mutual trade stands
at a meagre 28 billion, or even lower now, less than 28, 25
to 27 billion maybe. This is nothing, zero. With China, we will reach 100
billion this year, and with the US, everything is in decline.
Who is interested in this? No one, not even the President
of the United States, who is promoting the idea of reviving
the economy, as he says, in his quest to make America great
again.
I certainly
believe that working with Russia is important in itself, and this
includes economic cooperation, at least bearing in mind that we play
a key role in the global energy market; cooperation
in the field of nonproliferation and global security also
matters, among other things. We have a lot to talk about. But we see
what is happening there. Now power will change in Congress. Almost
certainly, 100 percent sure, there will be new attacks on the current
President. Under these conditions, whether he will be able to achieve any
kind of direct dialogue with Russia, I do not know; you will have
to ask them.
What
worries me though? You mentioned the Anglo-Saxon world, where some
deep-rooted, tectonic changes are occurring. After all, please note, Trump
won – this is an obvious fact no one seems to be arguing with,
but they do not want to recognise his victory either. This actually shows
disrespect for the voters – refusing to recognise his
victory, doing everything to delegitimise the incumbent President.
The same
applies to Britain: Brexit got the majority vote – but no one
wants to implement it. What are they refusing to recognise?
The referendum results. Democratic procedures are being dropped out
of the equation, and destroyed; their value is being destroyed.
That is what is happening there. This is a serious process. I have
pointed out that Western analysts are already discussing this matter, both
in the States, by the way, and in Britain. We
must keep this in mind. But whatever happens, we still need to build
bilateral relations. We are willing to. As soon as possible.
As soon as the other side is ready, we will do this.
This one.
[Sign] “How’s the health?” Did you mean your health, mine or someone
else’s? Or did you mean the country’s healthcare?
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Yekaterina
Butkevich: Good afternoon.
Vladimir
Putin: Good afternoon.
Yekaterina
Butkevich: I’m Yekaterina from Ministry of Ideas TV channel.
I was asking about your health.
Vladimir
Putin: What is the channel’s name?
Yekaterina
Butkevich: Ministry of Ideas. It is a private TV channel located
in Yekaterinburg. The question is about your health. How are you
feeling? How are you?
Vladimir
Putin: Don’t hold your breath! (Laughter in the audience.)
Yekaterina
Butkevich: I mean everyone is just asking their questions but no one
is wondering how you are and whether you need help in some
matters. (Laughter in the audience.)
Vladimir
Putin: What is your name?
Yekaterina
Butkevich: Yekaterina.
Vladimir
Putin: Yekaterina, we will discuss it later. (Laughter
in the audience.)
Yekaterina
Butkevich: Mine is not a question but a proposal.
Vladimir
Putin: Go ahead.
Yekaterina
Butkevich: We all know that everything is based on ideas. Our life,
our future and our country are also based on ideas. And our team
proposes to establish a Ministry of Ideas
of the Russian Federation.
Vladimir
Putin: Establishing the Ministry of Ideas is a good idea.
Yekaterina
Butkevich: I would like to hear your opinion on this
matter. And we are ready to help establish this agency.
Vladimir
Putin: I believe that our Ministry of Economic Development
should fulfill this function, because it should generate ideas to promote
development. But I am ready to discuss your proposal. We just need
to understand the substance, what it means. You and your
colleagues please think about it, explain what the “ministry
of ideas” is, what it should do, how it will function, on what
principles, and what the substance of its work would be.
As for my health,
it really does not differ from anyone else’s. I mean, thank God, I do
sports, and I am fine. I try to take care
of my health. But just like everyone else, I can catch flu
or something in the offseason. So far, everything is okay. Thank
you very much for your concern.
Yekaterina
Butkevich: Thank you.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, you have not taken any sports-related questions so
far. Will you take one from Sovietsky Sport?
Vladimir
Putin: Fine. There is something about a pike. What is up with
the pike?
Nikolai
Yaremenko: Good afternoon, Nikolai Yaremenko, Sovietsky Sport.
There are
many sporting events, but I have only one question. I will not
mention the World Cup, which we hosted brilliantly (strangely, no one has
mentioned it today), nor will I say anything about Mutko leaving football
forever yesterday, or even the upcoming 95th anniversary
of our newspaper and our hope to see you as a guest
in our editorial offices.
I have
a quick question about doping which is a longstanding issue. It
appears that this has long since become a political matter. Similar
to the sanctions, international sports organisations seem willing
to take a bite at us whenever they get the chance.
On the other
hand, this is a comfortable position for many of our sports
officials as they can sit on their hands and blame everything
on politics. Do you think we are now clean enough in this area
to be able to say that everything is fine now?
Vladimir
Putin: First of all, to a large extent, we ourselves are
to blame for this situation, because our athletes did use doping.
It is
a different matter that we were accused of authorising the use
of doping at the state level. This is not true, and it has
never happened and will never happen, because we must keep in mind
not only the results, which, of course are important, but also
the health of our athletes.
However,
since this has happened, we must, first, acknowledge it and, second, admit our
fault, which means that we were unable to properly control doping. This is
the responsibility of the organisations and government
agencies that were supposed to do this.
With
regard to whether we have stopped this or not, probably not, not 100
percent. Enormous efforts were made, and a good framework was created
to do it properly and to make sure it was done with integrity.
But this
is not just our scourge; doping is used around the world. Nevertheless, we
must strive to reduce it completely.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
The WADA
commission is currently working in our country. They are holding talks
with the Ministry of Sport, including on access to related
materials. But you are right about the political aspect of it, which
I hope will be overcome completely as well.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, we have been working for quite a while, almost
three and a half hours. And so I have a suggestion.
There are three veteran journalists from the national level –
Terekhov from Interfax, Gamov from Komsomolskaya Pravda and Kondratyev
from NTV television channel. I suggest wraping up by taking three
questions from them.
Go ahead,
Mr Terekhov.
Vladimir Putin: Yes,
but let several other colleagues ask their questions too.
Dmitry
Peskov: Since you are the most experienced you must express yourself
in a few words.
Vyacheslav
Terekhov: Absolutely.
In the very
beginning you spoke about health, medications, healthcare
and the like. In many respects our health depends
on medications. Could you please tell us to what extent we are
independent of foreign supplies as regards medications? How do our
medications compare with their foreign counterparts in efficacy and who
is responsible for the fact that our analogues are even worse than
planned?
Vladimir
Putin: You know, we must put things right here in many respects
and counter the assertions you just made. You asked: Who is
responsible for the inferior quality of our medications compared
to their foreign counterparts? This is not true, they are in no way
inferior, however we must combat certain things in several areas.
Doctors
that prescribe these medications should cooperate less with producers
and think more about their patients. Do you understand? Because when they
cooperate with specific producers they say: “Ours are worse – take this
imported one.”
But this
does not mean that we should get rid of all imported medications. If
a certain medication is required, it should be prescribed. This is
a sensitive process but it is important to understand what
the problem is in all respects.
Now
I will say a few words about the scale. First, we have even
started to export our medications. This year we will export 700 million worth
of medications. This is not so much but still a considerable
amount – 700 million.
If we look
at price tags, 30 percent of medications are produced at home
for the domestic market. They are 60 percent of the range.
As for our
dependence or independence, everything is interrelated in this world.
That said we produce, say, 80 percent of vital medications. Importantly,
there are an increasing number of substances produced in Russia,
not simply generics that are brought in from abroad.
On the whole, this programme is working. I believe it was
launched in 2015 and will be carried out until 2020.
As for the development
of the pharmaceutical and medical industry, it is working. About
200 billion rubles are allocated for it and it is fairly effective
on the whole. This is a very important area of our work
and we will certainly continue it.
Alexander
Gamov: Komsomolskaya Pravda website, radio and newspaper.
00
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Mr
President, frankly speaking, I feel sorry for President Putin because
we have nice numbers, truthful numbers, they are real, they do not raise doubts
among experts, I think. Meanwhile, ordinary people do not quite trust them
because life is hard in Russia. This is my first point.
The second.
There is no peace, I do not mean the situation itself, but
in people’s hearts, souls, minds, and thoughts. In other words,
people worry a lot about both you and the country. So why does
this happen? I believe that the middle tier official, the top
tier, ministers, governors – they are all afraid of Putin. You have
appointed everyone, lined them up, there are basically all normal people.
Whereas those officials who want to talk about an excise tax
on sausage, or the Kremlin banning births or whatever, they
muddy the waters and make it harder for people to believe
Putin, the state and so on. I think some sort of reform is
needed. We must do something with this middle tier. Let us retrain them,
and let us help you.
To conclude,
literally just before the press conference I got a telephone
message, a very short one, “Gamov, ask Vladimir Putin if it is time
to look into the disastrous gap between the incomes of top
managers and ordinary people? When will the President finally make
a clear statement about it?” Because you have revisted that topic several
times.
Thank you
very much.
Vladimir
Putin: The point you are making is an eternal Russian argument:
The Tsar is good while the courtiers are thieves and outlaws.
You see, if something does not go well, it is everyone’s fault. This is
my first point. And secondly, as I have already said,
the point is not that the numbers are somehow wrong. The point
is that they do not work well with the numbers. They do not explain
the numbers to the people. Whereas you said that
the numbers are good but they are not trusted. As if you failed
to hear what I said in the beginning
and in the middle, when I gave data related
to a decline in the real disposable incomes
of the population. What is good about that? I did not say it was
good. Incomes fell in the country in 2015 while in 2016
they were down by 5.8 percent. What is good about that?
And I did not say it was good, I said the trend is righting
itself, thank God, and it is an objective factor. I do not think
that people here do not believe it. These are truthful things,
and I hope people do understand that.
Speaking
about officials in general, you, of course, know that there are
people who have no idea what they are saying. They are not where they should be
and are not careful with their words. There are people like this. But this
is what we all are, our environment. That kind of person was just someone
yesterday and is an official now, so they can blab. They are not
ready. This means they are simply not ready for the job.
And,
of course, we must work with people, with all the officials. There
are many good and active people among them, too. This is a fact, we
should accept this. You see, it is impossible to close everything
and then open the box to make it right. It is not
a coincidence that Moses and the Jews wandered
in the desert for 40 years. Well, we cannot lead 146 million
people across the desert for so long.
This is
a process of growing up for the civil service. We are
working with it; see, we are organising various contests for young people.
We have a human resources contest, Leaders of Russia. We teach them
later at our academy. I believe 12 or 15 graduates have already
become governors, two are federal ministers and five or six are
deputy ministers. Little by little we will be expanding this. It is a long
process.
Alexander
Gamov: You have not talked about the gap.
Vladimir
Putin: Speaking about the gap. First, unfortunately, it does exist.
Second,
which is also unfortunate, as rule, this is a global trend.
In any case, this is what is happening in large economies. Look what
is happening in the US. Our US colleagues are present here, they must
read US analyses. The gap between those who earn a lot and those
who earn very little is expanding by their estimation. By the way,
the campaign of President Trump, the current president, noted
this very clearly. They used this in their campaign and turned out
to be right.
Of course
we must take this into consideration. At the very least we must
decrease the number of poor people. This is true.
Is that
all?
0
.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, we have a veteran to wrap things up.
Vladimir
Putin: Yes, another veteran.
Vladimir
Kondratyev: I will really be brief.
Mr
President, speaking at an earlier press conference, you said something
interesting, that you collect emotions. You collect emotions, and this is
your wealth as the country’s leader. What kind of year was this
in terms of emotions? Which event do you consider the biggest?
Vladimir
Putin: Two events.
Vladimir
Kondratyev: Two events?
Vladimir
Putin: Yes. Certainly, the presidential election, as this is
important for the whole country. And the World Cup, which
also turned out to be important for the whole country
and the world.
Ussuriysk,
please go ahead.
Yekaterina
Kharina: Good afternoon, I am Yekaterina
Kharina, Telemix TV Channel, Ussuriysk.
Mr
President, last week you signed an executive order on moving
the capital of the Far East from Khabarovsk to Vladivostok.
I have a question about this: what plans does the Government have
to strengthen the regions in the Far East
and in particular, of Primorye Territory? Will we live
to see the gasification of the entire region? And what
do you think about the merging of our territory with Sakhalin Region?
Vladimir
Putin: You see, the merging of any constituent entities
in the Federation is a matter for the entities
of the Federation themselves according to current law. If
Sakhalin and Primorye Territory decide to unite, they can; they have
to go through their respective procedures in parliament or hold
a referendum, whichever is provided for in the regional
legislation. But looking deeper, Sakhalin is a self-sustaining region, it
provides a large share of its own budget, and the average
income of the population is higher than in the Territory
in general, but this is the internal business of the two
regions. That is my first point.
The second
concerns development. We have a complete programme, a package
of measures to develop the Far East and Primorye Territory,
a complete programme to establish favourable development conditions
in the Far East. This includes the well-known Priority
Development Areas, which is the ‘Far Eastern hectare’,
the development of infrastructure, ports, airports, it is support for exports,
including, and primarily, non-energy exports. We will do all this; it will
never disappear. On the contrary, all of this will be actively
pursued. There must be no doubt about it whatsoever. This will offer us
an additional competitive edge.
We will
definitely develop science and education; we will keep supporting
the Far Eastern Federal University. We will certainly develop
the shipbuilding sector and continue the construction
of the shipyard in Vladivostok. And you know,
the first steps have already been taken for this, and fairly big
steps. Russia’s largest tonnage ships will be built in Vladivostok. We
will build ships that are bigger than anything seen in the Soviet
Union.
We will
obviously continue our support for the aviation sector; plants will
have contracts to keep busy, and research will be developed.
And a totally new sector has emerged – aerospace, the new
Vostochny Space Launch Centre. Marine biology, everything connected with
fisheries – this will all be a priority for us. I have no
doubt that we will achieve positive results.
I promised
Euronews. Go ahead, please.
Galina
Polonskaya: Hello, Mr President. Galina Polonskaya, Euronews TV channel. Thank
you for the opportunity to ask you a question. I will
put down the sign, I have already become one with it during these four
hours.
The UN
adopted a resolution about Russia’s militarisation of the Sea
of Azov, Crimea, and part of the Black Sea. After what
happened with the Ukrainian
ships in the Kerch Strait, there were
reports that Russia was sending military equipment to Crimea. Why should Russia reinforce
its military presence in Crimea? Is Russia ready to declare
the entire water area of the Sea of Azov its territory? Thank you.
Vladimir
Putin: Look, in 2014, people living in Crimea came out
for the referendum and ultimately voted for reunification
with the Russian Federation. From that moment, after the relevant
domestic procedures, Crimea became part of the Russian Federation,
part of Russia. Therefore, we are entitled to and will continue
to pursue our military policy on any part of our territory,
as we see fit to ensure national security. Crimea is no exception. If
the General Staff, if the border guards believe that we need
to do something extra in some area, we will do it. Russia's security
in this area will certainly be ensured. We are not going to overdo it
there, but what needs to be done, will be done. This is the first
point.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Now about
the Sea of Azov and the Kerch Strait. We almost immediately
announced that we intended to build a bridge to link up with
Crimea, which we did. First we built an energy bridge, then a gas
pipe, and now we are building two power plants there, in Sevastopol
and in Simferopol, with a total capacity of 940 megawatts.
We are building the Tavrida road, to be completed by the end
of 2020. Next year, I think, the two-lane road will open,
and by the end of 2020, a four-lane road.
We will
develop the local infrastructure. That is, it is not only about
reinforcing the military component, but above all, the civilian,
infrastructure component. All this will certainly be implemented. We have
a federal targeted programme for the development of Crimea.
For the next two years, we have allocated 300 billion rubles
for the development of the peninsula. All this will
progress. Along with that, the military component will be strengthened,
as far as we need it.
As for the Kerch
straits, the situation is difficult, in terms of nature. These
straits are very narrow and rather shallow. Their depth is about 13
metres. Let me emphasise that pilotage has always been conducted there.
The construction of the bridge does not interfere with anything.
Pilots escort ships as they used to.
Freight
turnover is growing, in particular, in the ports
of the Sea of Azov, this is true. But work there is organised
and all participants in these economic activities know how this is
being done. There is a queue there. Sometimes it is bigger
and sometimes it is smaller. Just look at the number
of vessels in front of the entrance to the port
of Novorossiysk. There are quite a few of them.
I will
have to repeat this once again: On September 11
of the past year Ukrainian vessels, including warships, fulfilled all
requirements of passage through these straits and under
the bridge and were calmly led by our pilots into the Sea
of Azov and further on to their destination
in the Sea. Nobody interfered with them – just helped.
This time
everything was different. This is a deliberate provocation
in the course of Mr Poroshenko’s election campaign. We have
already shown in the media the logbook that contains
the order to “enter secretly.” What does “secretly” mean? Nobody can
say what might happen there without pilotage, all the more so when some
politicians say in public that they are ready to blow up
the bridge. Naturally, we cannot allow this to happen. This would be
simply absurd for us, period. As for routine activities, nobody
restricts them.
Now
a few words about the regime in the Sea of Azov. We
have a treaty dating back to 2003, I think. What does it say? It
reads that there is a coastal area of five kilometres, not
the usual 12 sea miles in accordance with the international Law
of the Sea, but five kilometres off the coast. These are
the territorial waters of a state, in this case
of Russia or Ukraine, and the rest is common sea.
Incidentally, our fishermen were once captured although they did not enter
the five km zone. Nonetheless, they were seized and their captain is
still detained. And your Euronews channel does not even mention this
as if this is how it should be. The same is true of other
Russian seamen: there is a dry-cargo vessel with its crew out there
somewhere, but nobody recalls anything. Therefore, we should observe these
agreements and abstain from announcing any unilateral actions.
As for warships,
they should be in constant contact with our border guards. The border
guards conduct their border mission. In conditions of martial law,
I can hardly imagine warships going to and fro, but
in general we would like to normalise the situation. We do not
create any obstacles to vessels, including warships. Let me repeat that
last September vessels were led by our pilot and nobody interfered
with them, on the contrary we only helped.
This is
a complicated problem, which we will certainly keep working on. You are
right about this, I agree.
As far
as the amendments to the Constitution are concerned, this
is a matter for broad public discussion.
Dmitry
Peskov: Mr President, there is a banner “Russians in Danger.”
Please, tell us, which Russians are in danger? The last row. Show it,
you raised it before.
Khamzat
Batukayev: I am Khamzat Batukayev, Grozny TV Channel, Chechen
Republic.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
First,
thank you for noticing the back row. The press conference has
been going on for over three hours, and only the front rows
and middle rows…
I have
a personal request. We have guests from Latin America here. During each
break they keep yelling “Latin America,” but no one is paying attention. If
possible, will you please give them the floor after me; they have come
a long way.
And now,
properly, Mr President, just a second. I have already forgotten what
I was going to say.
Vladimir
Putin: Let’s talk to the people from Latin America then.
Khamzat
Batukayev: This is a serious subject, in fact. I wrote “Russians
in Danger” because thousands of our compatriots are still
in Syria. They are there for one reason or another, but there
are also children who are not there by choice.
Their
parents have been sentenced to long prison terms, maybe even life terms.
The children are left without parents, without care, and there are
many such cases. How can we bring them back? We know your principled position
on the issue, so the question is how can we proceed with this?
And, if
I may, a second brief question. One of the first requests
from the first president of the Chechen Republic, Akhmad-Haji
Kadyrov, that was addressed to you regarded the construction
of the airport in Grozny, the restoration, to be
exact.
It was
restored, but ever since it has been suspended in some technical phase,
which means it was not completely finished. Currently the republic’s
government is holding discussions with various ministries
on the second stage and apparently, there are some problems.
How can
this be completed? Objectively, Chechnya is still developing, but we host
hundreds of thousands of tourists, and the airport capacity
is not sufficient.
And the last
thing. You know Mr President, we have a main avenue that is named
in your honour. You might not be aware that we are currently building
the Vladimir Putin Judo Palace.
You always
receive one of the highest percentage of votes
in the region, I can honestly tell you that Chechens have deep
respect for you, this is why I would like to invite you there.
You have
also received an invitation from Adygeya or Karachayevo-Circassia, so
when you go there, you can also come to the Chechen Republic
as a second leg of your trip.
Vladimir
Putin: I cannot go to Chechnya on my way
to or from. I must go there directly. And I certainly
will. This is the first thing.
Second,
regarding the children. I believe this is a priority. We are
engaged in this; we have a programme for repatriating these
children to their homeland, to Russia, Chechnya,
to the Caucasus, wherever. And Ramzan Kadyrov is also involved
in this. We are doing this and will continue with it.
Urals,
there is a sign that says Urals.
Roman
Zykov: Good afternoon.
My name
is Zykov Roman, Urals television.
Mr
President, you say that patriotism should be our national idea. Isn’t it time
we codify this in law, amend the Constitution to stipulate that
patriotism is the national idea? Right now, a national idea is
prohibited by of the Constitution. This is my first
question.
Vladimir
Putin’s annual news conference.
Vladimir
Putin: It is ideology as a leading force that is prohibited, not
patriotism. I hear you. This is a subject for a wide public
discussion.
Roman
Zykov: And the second question. We have spoken about active
patriotism; now, I am worried about the environment.
A lot
of money is being allocated for the purification of water,
which then goes to consumers, but there is practically no money allocated
to maintain the quality of the pipes that deliver it
to consumers, and to ensure that the sewage does not
pollute our nature.
Unfortunately,
30 percent of sewage water pollutes nature – experts confirm this.
Could you look into the issue and possibly adopt some technical
regulations so that the quality of the pipes that deliver water
to consumers like you and me is higher and we do not pollute
the surrounding waters?
Vladimir
Putin: This is a question of technical regulations.
You are
certainly right. We must look into what is being supplied. I agree with
you. It is a problem. But the problem is not only the pipes.
The problem
is in the discharge of wastewater, and its purification.
This is an issue that affects the entire country. But
the relevant decisions have actually been taken here. This also applies
to industry.
Applicable
law provides for a transition to the latest available
technologies. Penalties are imposed for the discharge
of untreated water, and, generally, for waste, on companies that
do not comply with the environmental requirements.
As for the airport,
when needed, it operates as an international airport. If something
more is needed, Mr Kadyrov will come and tell me. I will see what
needs to be done; I just do not see what else needs to be done.
The airport is functioning, but if we need to do more, we will see.
Will that do? And thank you for the invitation.
Friendship
of Peoples – over there, a young woman is standing
in a kokoshnik. Yes, please, give her the microphone.
Valeria
Pavlyuchenko: Mr President, good afternoon! My name is Valeria
Pavlyuchenko; I am a representative of the First Russian
ethnic TV channel.
I believe
you know about our TV channel, because it was established with the support
of the Presidential Council for Interethnic Relations.
I would like to expand on the topic raised by our
colleague from Dagestan, who spoke about ethnic and interethnic journalism.
We are
a young team, let us say, a developing channel, and we report
about the achievements of the regions, and interethnic
stories. We would like to ask for your assistance, we really want
to become information partners in the implementation of ethnic
policies. Can you help us with this?
Vladimir
Putin: Look, we have the Presidential Council for Interethnic
Relations. I will definitely ask my colleagues to get
in touch with you and find opportunities to work with you
on this most important matter for our country.
I wish
you all a Happy New Year. Please do not be mad at me, we really have
to wrap up now. Thank you very much for your attention,
and for your questions. I sincerely
wish you all the best.
Thank you.
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